Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease currently without effective therapy. The mechanisms of ALS are complicated. Astrocytes-mediated neuroinflammation and excitotoxicity play critical roles in triggering and sustaining the pathogenses of ALS. Astrocyte elevated gene-1(AEG-1) has been reported to be closely related to the above pathological processes. However, the exact role of AEG-1 in ALS is still unclear. In our previous work, we found that AEG-1 was crucial for the survival of motor neurons in the presence of mutant SOD1. We also found that AEG-1 was upregulated in the astrocytes of ALS mouse model. Based on these findings, we aim to investigate the role of AEG-1 in regulating the activation of astrocytes and gliosis and the abnormality of glutamate transportation in astrocytes by using hSOD1G93A transgenic mice and cultured astrocytes from the transgenic mice. Neuron-astrocyte co-culture, targeted gene silencing and overexpression in vitro and in vivo will be applied in our study to explore the inflammatory and excitotoxic role of AEG-1 in ALS. We hope that this study will provide new therapeutic target for ALS.
肌萎缩侧索硬化(ALS)是一种涉及多重病理机制的神经退行性疾病,尚无有效治疗方法。星型胶质细胞在ALS神经元死亡中发挥重要作用,其中,神经炎性反应与兴奋性氨基酸毒性是其介导神经元死亡的重要途径。星型胶质细胞上调基因-1(AEG-1)恰与上述两个途径密切相关,但其在ALS中所发挥的作用尚不清楚。本课题组前期工作发现ALS运动神经元中AEG-1低表达与其退行性死亡密切相关,进一步研究提示ALS星型胶质细胞中AEG-1表达水平上调。因此我们以hSOD1G93A转基因小鼠及原代星型胶质细胞为实验对象,研究AEG-1在ALS星型胶质细胞介导的炎性反应及兴奋性毒性的作用,通过神经元-星型胶质细胞共培养探究其对神经元存活的影响,并靶向沉默ALS小鼠星型胶质细胞中AEG-1,研究其对ALS小鼠的影响。对阐明AEG-1在ALS星型胶质细胞介导的神经毒性机制有重要意义,并可能为ALS的干预提供新的靶点。
肌萎缩侧索硬化(Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis,ALS)是一种致死性的神经退行性疾病。星型胶质细胞介导的神经炎性反应和兴奋性毒性机制在诱发及促进ALS运动神经元退行性病变的过程中起关键作用。星型胶质细胞上调基因-1(astrocyte elevated gene 1,AEG-1)作为一个具有多重功能的基因及蛋白,在肿瘤疾病中有广泛研究,然而它在ALS星型胶质细胞中的作用尚不清楚。本课题以原代培养的星型胶质细胞作为实验对象,通过基因沉默研究AEG-1在ALS星型胶质细胞炎性反应及其介导的神经元兴奋性毒性死亡中的作用,进一步建立星型胶质细胞-神经元条件共培养模型,探究其对神经元存活的影响。我们的结果显示,与野生型(wt-SOD1)星形胶质细胞相比,hSOD1-G93A阳性(mSOD1)星型胶质细胞中AEG-1的蛋白和mRNA水平均显著升高,并且,NF-κB信号通路相关蛋白和炎性细胞因子在mSOD1星型胶质细胞中也明显上调。AEG-1的敲低可以显著抑制星型胶质细胞的增生和促炎因子的释放,并且抑制p65从细胞质向细胞核的易位。此外,mSOD1星型胶质细胞中兴奋性氨基酸转运蛋白-2(EAAT2)的表达水平显著降低,同时伴有谷氨酸清除能力的受损,而EAAT2的转录抑制因子YY1在其细胞核中表达增多。AEG-1的敲低可抑制YY1向细胞核的转位,提高EAAT2的表达水平,增强mSOD1星型胶质细胞对谷氨酸的清除能力,最终发挥神经元保护作用。本课题的研究结果提示AEG-1在mSOD1星型胶质细胞反应性增生、活化及其介导的神经炎性反应和谷氨酸兴奋性毒性机制中具有潜在调控作用,很可能成为ALS治疗的新靶点。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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