微界面调控树脂基纳米双金属协同催化降解卤代芳烃

The project intends to prepare new composite environmental catalytic functional materials, based on nano bimetallic materials and nano-assembly techniques, through the design of nanoparticles loaded on macro carrier. The principle of macro carrier supported nano catalysts was clarified from interface microstructure of resin based nano bimetallic composite materials. Halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons are to be identified and enriched by the specificity of macro carrier. Interfacial interactions of macro carrier supported nano-materials and pollutant molecules was revealed. The composite nano-catalytic effect was triggered. The catalytic and degradation mechanism of halogenated aromatics removed by resin based composite bimetallic materials efficiently and selectively was clarified. The new technical principles of co-efficient removal of halogenated aromatic pollutants are to be established. The study provides important theoretical significance for prepared composite nano materials in order to remove persistent organic pollutants as halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons, based on the structural characteristics of pollutants.

本项目以纳米双金属材料和纳米组装技术为基础，通过设计纳米颗粒在宏观载体-树脂基上的负载方式，制备新型复合环境催化功能材料，从树脂基纳米双金属复合材料的界面微结构上阐明宏观载体负载纳米催化剂的原理；利用宏观载体的特异性识别富集卤代芳烃这类污染物，通过调控复合材料微环境界面，揭示宏观载体上纳米材料与有机污染物分子的界面相互作用机制，触发复合材料的纳米催化效应，阐明树脂基纳米双金属材料高效选择性地去除卤代芳烃的催化降解机理，建立协同高效去除卤代芳烃污染物的新技术原理。该研究为基于污染物结构设计，合成复合纳米材料用于卤代芳烃类持久有机污染物的治理，提供了重要的理论依据和技术支撑。

本项目以纳米双金属材料和纳米组装技术为基础，通过设计纳米颗粒在宏观载体-树脂基上的负载方式，制备新型复合环境催化功能材料，从树脂基纳米双金属复合材料的界面微结构上阐明宏观载体负载纳米催化剂的原理；利用宏观载体的特异性识别富集卤代芳烃这类污染物，阐明树脂基纳米双金属材料高效选择性地去除卤代芳烃的催化降解机理，建立协同高效去除卤代芳烃污染物的新技术原理。. 采用液相NaBH4还原法，制备出淀粉负载纳米铁镍双金属（淀粉/ZVI-Ni）和淀粉负载纳米铁镍铜三金属复合材料（淀粉/ZVI-Ni-Cu），并采用XRD、SEM、BET、XRF等仪器对其性能进行表征；进而对比其与纳米零价铁（ZVI）、淀粉负载零价铁（淀粉/ZVI）对三氯乙烯和氯仿的降解效果以及影响淀粉/ZVI-Ni-Cu降解氯代烃的因素。结果表明：通过双金属和三金属的掺杂，可有效提高复合材料对氯代烃的降解，其降解效能关系为：淀粉/ZVI-Ni-Cu>>淀粉/ZVI-Ni/>淀粉/ZVI>ZVI。其中淀粉/ZVI-Ni-Cu三金属复合材料在48h内可实现氯代烃的完全降解。由于淀粉载体的加入，使得复合材料不但克服了普通纳米材料易团聚的缺点，而且抗氧化性更强，降解效果也更稳定可靠。