It remains challenging to mitigate intestinal damage 24h after Exposure to high-dose irradiation because that protecting the survival intestinal stem cell may not be the only concern, the loss of intestinal immune homeostasis become an urgent to be treated. Treg/Th17 cell plays a critical role to control the gut bacteria and epithelial barrier and intestinal immune cell composition. Compared with other immune cells, Treg cells express higher level of CBS. Endogenous CBS-H2S pathway may play critical roles in Treg cell differentiation and Treg/Th17 cell balance. Our primalitary data showed that conditional knockout CBS mainly in immune system instead of in intestinal epithelial cells can promote the regeneration of intestinal stem cell and significantly alleviate the intestine inflammation caused by irradiation. We also observed the radioprotection effect of CBS inhibitor in mice. Thus, we hypothesize that the irradiation-induced intestine damage could be mitigated by targeting Cystathionine b-Synthetase via regulating Treg/Th17 balance and function in intestine. In the present study, we’ll use transgenic mice, cell sorting, RNA sequencing, proteomics and coculture of enterorganoid with lamina propria lymphocytes to explore the intestinal immune homeostasis after exposure to high-dose irradiation and define the role of Treg/Th17 cells in mitigating intestinal damage by inhibiting CBS and the downstream targets and events. Furthermore, we’ll test the treatment strategy of targeting both intestinal immune cells and epithelial cells for rescuing mice 24h after exposure. In summary, the present project will provide new insight into pathological process of irradiation-induced intestine damage and facilitate inventing new therapeutic treatments.
大剂量辐照后24h对肠道损伤的救治十分困难,不仅要保护残存的肠干细胞,更需要调控肠道免疫紊乱。肠道菌群、上皮和免疫屏障均受到Treg/Th17细胞的精密调节。Treg细胞较其他免疫细胞高表达胱硫醚-β-合成酶(CBS),其发育和Treg/Th17细胞间转换均受CBS/H2S的影响。我们前期发现对免疫细胞为主而非肠上皮为主敲除CBS可显著抑制照射后肠道炎症发展,促进隠窝再生;给予CBS抑制剂可起到类似效果。因此我们提出假说:以CBS为靶可缓解放射性肠损伤,其中通过调控Treg/Th17细胞平衡和功能改善肠免疫微环境可能是主要机制。本研究我们将利用多种基因修饰小鼠、流式细胞分选、蛋白组学和肠类器官培养等方法明确放射性肠损伤的免疫调控网络,明确CBS对Treg/Th17的调控和下游信号通路,探讨针对“免疫细胞+上皮细胞”的双靶救治策略,将促进对肠道辐射损伤病理的深入理解并推动新救治措施的研发。
在核事故造成的某些急性放射病和盆腔肿瘤放疗患者中,肠道损伤难防难治,其机理尚待明确。胱硫醚合成酶(CBS)能催化底物形成H2S,CBS/H2S轴在抗氧化、细胞增殖、免疫调节等方面发挥重要作用,但其在肠道辐射损伤修复中的作用还不清楚。肠上皮的修复可能受到免疫细胞的调控、Treg/Th17细胞平衡可能被打破,影响炎性因子的表达,这些因子中IL-22在调控上皮恢复中居于核心地位。本项目主要探究了CBS/H2S轴和IL-22对肠道放射损伤防护作用和潜在机制。我们明确了CBS在肠道干细胞的表达模式,发现H2S供体GYY4127在较低浓度可以促进而CBS的抑制剂氨基氧乙酸(AOAA)抑制类器官中肠干细胞的增殖;在体高浓度AOAA减少Lgr5+ ISC的数量。但是肠上皮内敲除CBS并不影响ISC的增殖和分化,提示微环境的补偿作用。药物激活和轻度抑制CBS/H2S轴肠类器官的辐射抗性无显著影响。但在体CBS/H2S轴抑制剂可以显著促进辐射后肠道再生。肠上皮特异敲除CBS不能改善辐射损伤,但利用CAG-CreERT小鼠在多种组织细胞降低CBS的表达,可以显著促进辐射后肠道干细胞再生,下调肠道和血清中炎性因子的水平,Treg/Th17细胞平衡调节可能发挥了一定作用;Treg细胞的祛除导致辐射增敏;主要的促修复效应可能来自IL-22,Treg/Th17细胞和IL-22的重要分泌细胞ILC3 之间的关系还有待进一步确认。我们和近期国内外发表的文章都证实IL-22在类器官模型中促进肠干细胞的过度分化和前体细胞的扩增,不支持在体能通过增加干细胞数量来促进辐射恢复。IL-22重组蛋白价格昂贵且不稳定,为了进一步确认在体IL-22的作用,我们构建了IL-22的AAV过表达模型。在过表达小鼠中观察到前体细胞增加,干细胞减少等现象。相对于AAV对照病毒组,IL-22过表达组在辐射后呈现出再生克隆增多,促进隐窝细胞增殖,AAV介导的IL-22过表达还可以改善DSS造成的肠粘膜损伤,提示IL-22可以调控肠上皮或者微环境实现辐射防护。总之本项目通过多种基因修饰动物模型,类器官等技术明确了CBS/H2S 和IL-22 在肠道放射损伤中的具体作用和相关机制,对Treg/Th17平衡等相关的免疫调控进行了初步探讨,为急性放射性肠道损伤的救治提供了新的策略。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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