创新团队的领导时间统筹与员工同步配合的动态协同机制研究

Rapidly changing competition, technologies, and client needs in today's business world have created temporal challenges for teams in the form of extremely short deadlines, complex and dynamic coordination of multiple projects, and constantly fluctuating task goals These challenges require careful management of temporal resources in teams, bringing the issue of time to the forefront of research on teams. Despite its importance, time remains "perhaps the most neglected critical issue" in team research. Technology accelerated iteration, as well as the irreversibility and scarcity of time, which determines that the time is one of the key resources for innovation team. As "Gordian knot", the task-time paradox (eg. speed Vs quality; long-term Vs short-term) needs varieties of temporal combinations, at the same time, the temporal diversity in teams, which is regarded as a stable personality trait including time urgency, pacing style and time perspective, can enhance team effectiveness by balancing multiple team performance requirements, such as speed and quality and short-term and long-term demands. The prerequisite for this mechanism is that there is a shared cognition on time and individual synchrony preference. But the team cognition on time will adversely affect the inherent temporal characteristics of the individual and weaken the synchrony preference, then the team will fall into a dead cycle. This research project breaks through the traditional single perspective, brings temporal leadership and individual synchrony preference into the research field, and constructs a synergism model of temporal leadership and employee coordination. The study includes: ①Temporal leadership convert individual temporal diversity into to a shared cognition on time and promote team creativity; ② A shared cognition on time lead to individual cognitive conflict and undermine individual’s synchrony preference; ③The temporal leadership is how to activate the individual time metal accounting and reduce cognitive conflict on time and improve the synchrony preference; ④ The synergism mechanism of the individual synchrony preference and temporal leadership and how the mechanism enhance team creativity. This study provides a new perspective for opening the paradox of innovative task time, and provides a theoretical support and practical guide for the promotion of synergism innovation.

技术加速迭代以及时间的不可逆性和稀缺性，决定了时间是创新致胜的关键资源之一。犹若“戈尔迪之结”，任务时间悖论（速度Vs质量；长期Vs短期）需要多样化的时间组合；个体时间特质（紧迫性、步调、长短视）多样性有助于满足这一要求，但依赖于组织形成良好的团队节奏以及个体同步偏好。但团队节奏难免会冲击个体固有的时间特质，削弱同步偏好，陷入一种死循环。本课题突破传统单一视角，整合时间领导力和同步偏好理论，构建了一个领导时间统筹与员工同步配合的协同模型。系统研究：①时间领导力如何将多样化的个体时间特质纳入团队节奏以促进团队创造力；②团队节奏如何引发个体时间认知冲突进而削弱同步偏好；③时间领导力又是如何通过激活个体时间心理框架，降低时间认知冲突进而提高同步偏好；④时间领导力与员工同步偏好如何协同提升时间效能，促进团队创造力。本研究为打开任务时间悖论提供了新的视角，也为促进协同创新提供了理论支撑和实践指南。

本项目以团队协调理论为基础，构建了时间性领导与员工同步合作的理论分析框架，以期从时间角度推动团队协同创新的研究和实践。该研究由三部分组成。第一，时间性领导如何促进具有不同时间特征的个体达成时间共识，从而在员工同步性偏好的调控下产生高效的团队创造力？第二，源于团队时间共识的时间认知冲突是如何通过削弱同步偏好来抑制时间共识向团队创造力的转化的？第三，时间领导力是如何帮助个体调整时间的心理核算，激活同步性偏好，从而消除时间共识衍生的副作用的？根据研究结果，时间多样性（时间紧迫性、节奏风格和时间焦点）有助于满足创新任务多样性时间组合的要求（如速度与质量；长期与短期），但前提是团队的时间共识已经形成，并且个人具有较高的同步偏好。强大的时间领导力有利于平衡时间上的个体差异，形成时间上的共识；而这个过程会影响到个体对时间的既定习惯，造成时间上的认知冲突，削弱同步性偏好，从而对团队的创造力带来不利影响。因此，有效的时间领导还包括时间激励维度，即通过激活个体对时间的心理核算，将个体的时间安排纳入团队轨道，时间认知冲突减少，同步性偏好提高。最后，在时间性领导和员工的同步合作下，团队的时间效率和团队的创造力得到促进。总之，本研究为打开创新任务的 "时间悖论 "提供了一个全面的分析框架，同时也为团队协同创新提供了新的研究视角和实践指导。一方面，本研究拓展了团队协调理论在时间管理领域的应用，整合了显性和隐性的时间协调方式，构建了时间性领导与员工同步合作的协作模型；同时，拓展了时间性领导的内涵和测量维度。另一方面，研究结论表明，企业应更加重视时态领导力的培养，提高团队成员的同步合作能力，在组建异质团队时应考虑到时态的异质性。此外，领导者不仅要提高自己的时间管理能力，还要培养自己的时空激励能力。