空冷器灰垢生成机理与在线检测及防治研究

The adsorption and mass transfer mechanism of ash fouling, online detection of ash fouling characteristic and key technology of fouling prevention will be studied and developed in this project, which is a key to the ash fouling problems of air cooling condenser (ACC) for steam power cycle power plant. The contents include as follows: The video images of adsorption and migration of air particles matter at the solid-gas interface will be captured by using the micro-particle image velocimetry system under certain operation conditions. The migration regular of solid-gas interface of air particles matter will be clarified and the mathematical model of interfacial mass transfer of ash fouling will be established, which consider the surface adsorption thermodynamics and kinetics. Based on the model, the time varying rules of ash fouling accumulation will be revealed and the accurately prediction method of ash fouling characteristic paprameters will be developed. The nonlinear coupling relationships between the structural parameters of ACC, operating parameters, atmospheric parameters and ash fouling characteristic will be revealed with the using of dynamic simulation experiment data. By using the methods of the the association analysis, data fitting and artificial intelligence algorithms,the online soft-sensing model will be established and the online detection method will be developed for ash fouling characteristic. The surface coatiing and nano surface engineering technologies are combined used to artificial design the structural paprameters of surface roughness and surface energy, the effect mechanism of structural paprameters of heat transfer surface on the ash fouling accumulation is provided based on the above theoretical research and dynamic experimental data.By optimizing the surface coating and nano particles, the adsorption process between air particles matter and ACC interface will be regulated, which could develop the key technology of ash fouling prevention.

针对蒸汽动力循环电站直接空冷系统空冷器灰垢积聚问题，本项目拟开展灰垢生成吸附与传质机理，灰垢特性在线检测及灰垢防治关键技术研究。内容包括：研究特定工况条件下，利用显微粒子图像测速系统，采集大气悬浮颗粒物在固-气界面吸附、迁移视频图像，结合表面吸附热力学和动力学，阐明大气悬浮颗粒物界面迁移规律，建立灰垢界面传质机理模型，揭示灰垢积聚时变规律，发展灰垢特性精确预测新方法；利用灰垢积聚动态模拟实验数据，揭示空冷器结构参数、运行参数、大气性质参数与灰垢特性的非线性耦合关系，采用关联分析、数据拟合和人工智能算法等，建立灰垢特性在线软测量模型，发展灰垢特性在线检测方法；联合利用表面涂层和纳米表面工程技术，设计表面能和表面粗糙度等空冷器结构参数，以理论研究和动态实验数据为基础，探明结构参数对灰垢生成的影响机制，优化表面涂层和纳米颗粒，调控大气悬浮颗粒物与空冷器界面间的吸附作用，研究灰垢防治关键技术。

空冷器灰垢造成其换热性能降低5%-20%，针对蒸汽动力循环电站直接空冷系统空冷器灰垢积聚问题，本项目拟开展灰垢生成吸附与传质机理，灰垢特性在线检测及灰垢防治关键技术研究。主要内容包括：分析不同时空条件下空冷器灰垢的质谱成分与粒径分布，研究空冷器表面灰垢输运、附着与剥蚀规律，揭示空冷器结构参数、运行参数和大气性质参数对灰垢生成的影响机制，建立空冷器表面灰垢传质模型，结合工业生产数据构建灰垢积聚时变特性的唯象模型；构建灰垢积聚动态模拟实验系统，基于灰垢积聚唯象模型与实验数据揭示空冷器、组件运行状态参数与灰垢特性的非线性耦合关系，建立灰垢特性软测量模型，开发基于图像处理与深度学习网络的灰垢特性智能检测装置；优化设计空冷器、组件灰垢的干式清洗系统，现场试验验证去除率、能耗、耗费、节水量等技术经济参数，提出产品损失与清洗维护经济损失最小化约束条件下清洗周期优化方法，实现清洗系统无水化、智能化运维；联合利用自催化沉积技术和纳米表面工程技术，制备Ni-P基的纳米复合镀层，以灰垢界面传质机制、镀层结构参数和防垢性能实验数据为基础，探明纳米复合镀层防垢机理，指导防垢镀层的优化设计与制备，研究灰垢防治关键技术。