环境空气低环PAHs污染对儿童内暴露负荷影响的研究

The low molecular weight (LMW) PAHs are usually at high concentration levels in the ambient air. They are more easily to get into human body by inhalation and then affect health. However, in the current studies of PAHs pollution of ambient air, more attentions have been paid on the high molecular weight PAHs in the particle phase. Many studies ignore the LMW PAHs in gaseous phase with higher concentration. Furthermore, there still lack of collaborative research on the LMW PAHs air pollution and their influence on the people’s internal exposure. Therefore, the relevancy of LMW PAHs air pollution and the internal exposure is still unclear. The research intends to take the ambient air and children surrounding Guangzhou Petrochemical as the study objects, and builds the determination methods of LMW PAHs in air, and the biomonitoring method of hydroxyl-PAHs in human body. By collaborative analysis of LMW PAHs in air, and hydroxyl-PAHs in children urine and hair, the research focuses on the ambient air pollution characteristics of LMW PAHs released from the petrochemical industry, and its influence on children internal exposure. By comparing the concentration and composition of hydroxyl-PAHs, and by analyzing the correlation of LMW PAHs and hydroxyl-PAHs, the merits and demerits of urine and hair samples used as internal exposure are discussed. The research results help to find out correlations of LMW PAHs pollution in ambient air and the internal exposure load of children. The research provides reference for the health risk assessment of PAHs ambient air pollution. Also the research is significant for providing theoretical and technology support for the future environmental health research work.

低环PAHs往往在环境空气中有着较高的浓度，并容易通过呼吸暴露进入人体，进而影响人体健康。但目前对环境空气PAHs污染的研究，更多的关注颗粒相中的高环PAHs，忽略了气相中浓度更高的低环PAHs，并且缺乏对低环PAHs空气污染与内暴露负荷的协同研究，对低环PAHs空气污染与人体内暴露负荷的相关性尚不明确。本项目拟以广州石化周边的环境空气及儿童为研究对象，建立空气中低环数PAHs、人体羟基PAHs监测的灵敏方法。通过对石化区与对照区环境空气中低环PAHs、儿童尿液与头发中羟基PAHs的协同分析，重点关注低环PAHs环境空气污染对儿童内暴露负荷的影响，比较并讨论头发与尿液作为人体内暴露监测样本的优缺点。该研究成果有助于揭示大气中低环PAHs污染与儿童内暴露负荷的相关性，并为PAHs环境空气污染的健康风险评价提供借鉴，为我国环境健康研究工作提供技术支持和理论依

本课题首次探讨了环境空气低环PAHs污染，在空间变异性和时间变异性方面，对儿童内暴露负荷的影响。通过对相关样品的分析，和检测结果的关联分析，本研究首次发现尿液样本中的2-羟基萘能够很好的反应环境空气萘污染的空间和时间变异性。而不同区域儿童头发样品中的2-羟基芴&3-羟基芴、2-羟基菲&3-羟基菲、1-羟基菲&9-羟基菲和1-羟基芘，同环境空气中的芴、菲和芘之间，存在较好的相关性。