生物组织中电磁波走时机理及断层成像方法研究

Electrical properties of biological tissues is closely related to human physiology and pathological state,so the research in this area has scientific value and practical significance. Magnetic induction imaging technology is a non-contact, non-invasive and functional testing medical imaging method, which has become one of the most important methods in terms of studying electrical properties of biological tissues. However, the faint eddy current signal and heterogeneous distribution of exciting field cause low-resolution MIT images, and thus make MIT remain unapplied in clinical use. Based on our preliminary studies, the idea of “ using electromagnetic wave time to represent bio-tissue electrical properties, and to reconstruct body biological impedance image” is proposed. The target is to maintain magnetic induction tomography advantages and to improve biological impendence image quality. The study will be done as the following: to investigate the characteristics of electromagnetic wave time in the biological tissue, and determine the corresponding relationship between electromagnetic wave time and biological impedance; to design the methodology of measuring the wave time signal using open oscillation circuit, and to acquire electromagnetic wave time representing biological impedance information, and to establish the viable biological impedance tomography system based on electromagnetic wave time. The successful implementation of this project will contribute to the electrical properties of biological tissue research and development, and provide a theoretical basis and technical foundation for the development of bio-impedance tomography leap clinical function monitoring technology.

生物组织电特性与人体生理、病理状态密切相关，所以，该领域的研究极具科学价值和现实意义。磁感应阻抗成像因其非接触、无创、功能检测等特点，成为生物组织电特性研究的重要方法，其所面临的瓶颈问题是涡流信号微弱及激励场不均匀带来的图像分辨率低，至今尚未实现临床应用。本项目在前期工作基础上，提出了“以电磁波走时表征生物组织电特性，重构人体生物阻抗图像”的工作思路，在保持磁感应成像诸多优势基础上，进一步完善生物阻抗图像质量。拟开展工作：研究生物组织中电磁波的走时信号特点，确定生物组织中电磁波走时与生物阻抗的对应关系；设计一种基于开放式振荡电路的走时测量方法，获取表征生物阻抗信息的走时信号；通过非线性的正则化图像重建算法，重构生物阻抗分布，建立一种可行的基于电磁波走时的生物阻抗断层成像系统。本项目的成功实施，将促进生物组织电特性研究发展，为生物阻抗成像临床功能监测技术的跨越式发展提供理论依据与技术基础。

生物阻抗携带与人体组织和器官功能紧密相关的生理和病理信息，发展生物阻抗的测量及成像方法，是一项极具挑战和创新性的研究工作。磁感应成像符合医学成像非接触、无创、功能检测的发展方向，但由于涡流信号微弱，激励场分布不均匀，导致图像分辨率低，至今尚未应用。因此，深化生物阻抗的测量及成像方法研究具有极其重要的理论和现实意义及学科前瞻价值。本项目以此为目标：研究生物组织中电磁波的走时信号特点，确定生物组织中电磁波走时与生物阻抗的对应关系；设计一种电磁波在生物组织内传播的走时测量方法，获取表征生物阻抗信息的走时信号；通过非线性软场的正则化图像重建方法，重构生物阻抗分布图像，建立一种可行的基于电磁波走时的生物阻抗断层成像系统。项目按计划顺利完成，取得了很好的成果。项目按计划顺利完成，取得了很好的成果。项目研究期间，共以发表学术论文16篇，其中SCI期刊检索论文5篇，EI期刊检索论文5篇，EI会议检索论文6篇。培养硕士毕业3人，研究生在读5人。参加国内、外相关学术会议15人次。