多功能酚醛树脂胶质体的可控制备及生物成像研究

The research on design, assembly and application of multifunctional nanomaterials have attracted more and more attention in Chemistry, Material Science and Biology. Interfacial assembly has been an important tool for fabricating nanomaterials with special structures. It is believed that interfacial assembly is of great significance to the design and synthesis of functional nanomaterials in future. This project aims to synthesize multifunctional phenolic resin colloidosomes by assembling several functional nanoparticles on air-liquid interface, explore factors affecting the interfacial assembly and apply the materials to biological research. The research content of this project includes three aspects: firstly, the phenolic resin colloidosomes with features of magnetism, fluorescence, up-conversion luminescence and photothermy will be synthesized by the co-assembly process of different functional nanospheres on air-liquid interface. Secondly, its potential applications in fluorescence imaging, magnetic resonance imaging and photothermal therapy will be investigated. Thirdly, it will be studied that effects of synthesis conditions on the assembly process, which contain the size and surface groups of pre-synthesized functional nanoparticles, pH and ion concentration of reaction system, molecular weight and addition amount of surfactant. Combined with the theoretical simulation results, the effect rule will reveal the mechanism and the key influencing factors of co-assembly process of different colloid spheres on air-liquid interface. The research will provide good theoretical bases for designing and synthesis of nanomaterials with special structures and feactures.

多功能纳米材料的设计、组装以及应用已成为化学、材料以及生物领域的研究热点。界面组装是纳米材料的重要合成手段，利用界面组装技术将多种功能性基体单元组装到一起合成多功能纳米材料对未来材料的设计思路和制备技术有着重要的意义。本项目旨在运用气液界面组装技术制备多功能酚醛树脂胶质体，探究制备过程中的影响因素，并将其应用于生物研究。主要包括制备包含磁性、荧光、上转换发光以及光热作用等性质的多功能酚醛树脂胶质体。探索其在荧光成像、核磁造影、光热治疗等方面的生物应用前景。针对不同材料在气液界面共组装的过程，研究各组分的尺寸和表面官能团、体系的pH和离子浓度、表面活性剂的分子量和用量对组装过程的影响，结合理论计算模拟，揭示界面共组装的机理以及关键的影响因素，为今后利用界面组装制备具有特殊结构和特殊功能的纳米材料提供科学的理论依据。

研究基于界面组装技术将多种功能性基体单元组装成多功能纳米材料，具体内容主要包括以下几个方面：运用气液界面组装技术制备多功能酚醛树脂胶质体，探究制备过程中的影响因素（各组分的尺寸和表面官能团、体系的pH和离子浓度、表面活性剂）对胶质体结构的影响，探索其在荧光成像、核磁造影、光热治疗等方面的生物应用前景；利用嵌段共聚物组装形成的特殊结构控制合成酚醛树脂特殊纳米结构，通过调节嵌段共聚物分子来控制最终产物的结构和尺寸，包括空心酚醛树脂纳米球以及其组装成的等级空心胶质体结构、镂空的三维酚醛树脂空心结构和嵌入式的酚醛树脂空心结构等；采用不同的一维纳米材料为模板[超细碲(纳米线、短的碲纳米棒和银纳米线)]，合成出多种以为壳层的纳米电缆结构，探索了一维酚醛树脂基纳米材料的在污水处理、光热治疗、构筑超疏水自清洁涂层等方面的多功能应用研究；模板诱导聚合法宏量制备一系列新型间苯二酚甲醛树脂氧化石墨烯复合气凝胶，通过高温裂解的方法制备出一种新颖的具有超低密度（和超顺磁性的钴掺杂碳气凝胶，并且发现它们在溢油处理和电催化方面具有优异的性能。