基于车路耦合的复合工况轮胎三维全局磨损研究

The three dimensional global tire wear is the combined effect of the vehicle, tire and rough pavement system and plays a key role in analyzing the explicit-implicit feature of tire-road prints. So, the general theory and analysis method based on vehicle-road coupling system is developed for predicting the three dimensional global tire wear as a function of the road roughness. The rubber viscoelastic, rough pavement profile feature and their dynamical property when contact with each other are analyzed with utilization of theoretical analysis and experimental verification, meanwhile, the dynamic mechanism between tire and rough road under complex condition is analyzed. The analysis method of tire-road contact dynamic feature based on vehicle-road coupling system is developed and the tire force dynamic feature in tire-road contact area under combined conditions is obtained. In addition, by building the vehicle stability and tire force measuring system the effective of the method is verified. Based on building the finite element tire-road contact model which Considering multi factors and mechanical-thermal coupling mechanism, the ABAQUS tire-road contact model is build, which would be used to analyze the wear quantity distribution in tire-road contact area. Finally, a new method for three dimensional global tire wear analyzed under combined conditions is presented based on vehicle-road coupling. The research results will lay a theoretical and practical foundation for study the imprinted explicit-implicit characteristics and calculating the tire wear under combined condition.

复合工况轮胎三维全局磨损是车辆运行状态、轮胎与粗糙路面微观轮廓联合作用的结果，是解析事故现场轮胎印迹显隐特征的关键课题。因此，在考虑粗糙路面轮廓特征的前提下提出基于车路系统耦合的轮胎三维全局磨损研究理论与分析方法。结合理论分析与实验验证，通过研究橡胶粘弹性、粗糙路面轮廓特征及两者的非线性接触动力学特性，解析轮胎粗糙路面动态作用机理；提出基于车路系统耦合的轮胎接地动态力学特性分析方法，获得非稳态工况轮胎接地动力学特性，搭建车辆稳定性及轮胎作用力测量系统对模型进行验证；在建立考虑多因素的热机耦合轮胎粗糙路面接触有限元分析模型的基础上，开发复合工况轮胎磨损量离散分析方法，提出基于车路系统耦合的复合工况轮胎三维全局磨损研究方法。研究成果对轮胎痕迹形成及显隐特性分析、复杂工况轮胎磨损研究具有重要的理论与实际意义。

复合工况轮胎三维全局磨损是车辆运行状态、轮胎与粗糙路面微观轮廓联合作用的结果，是解析事故现场轮胎印迹显隐特征的关键课题。因此，在考虑粗糙路面轮廓特征的前提下提出基于车路系统耦合的轮胎三维全局磨损研究理论与分析方法。结合理论分析与实验验证，通过研究橡胶粘弹性、粗糙路面轮廓特征及两者的非线性接触动力学特性，解析轮胎粗糙路面动态作用机理；提出基于车路系统耦合的轮胎路面接地动态力学特性分析方法，分析非稳态工况轮胎接地动力学特性，搭建车辆稳定性及轮胎作用力测量系统对模型进行验证；在建立考虑多因素的热机耦合轮胎粗糙路面接触有限元分析模型的基础上，开发复合工况轮胎磨损量离散分析方法，提出基于车路系统耦合的复合工况轮胎三维全局磨损研究方法。最后，根据所建立模型，对制动力、转向角、轮胎和道路特征对可视轮胎印迹的影响进行了系统的分析，得出影响印迹的关键因素和关键结果，为道路交通事故判定提供了理论基础。