应用齿式联轴器的高速动车驱动系统动态特征研究

The application of a gear coupling to connect the frame-mounted motor and the gearbox for driving of the wheel-set is a type of transmission, what has been used in the power bogie of high-speed EMU, subway and light rail vehicle widely. The gear coupling compensates the relative motion between the motor and gear box. Due to the irregularity of rail, the coupling vibration amplitude is large. With the action of centrifugal and gyroscopic forces, the floating internal tooth hub of coupling has complex vibration characteristics when running at high speed. The vibration of driving system with the dual characteristics, as the random vibration of the external load and the inherent vibration. At first, the crown gear meshing relationships are calculated with the mathematical methods. Then the coupling rotor dynamics model with 6 degrees of freedom of the internal tooth hub is established, to investigate the effect of the random loads and the forces of centrifugal and gyroscopic on the vibration of coupling. Analyzing the relationship between the vibration frequencies of coupling and the rotation speed to clear the vibration causes of different frequency band. Finally, the use of multi-body-dynamics software SIMPACK to establish the dynamic model of a high-speed EMU including the driving system with gear coupling. The dynamic characteristics of the whole vehicle and driving system are simulated to analyze the effect of the gear coupling vibration to the driving system and to solve the parameters matching of driving system.

鼓形齿联轴器连接架悬电机与齿轮箱，将电机扭矩传递给齿轮箱从而驱动轮对，是高速动车组、地铁及轻轨动力转向架普遍采用的一种结构方式。利用鼓形齿联轴器补偿电机与齿轮箱间的相对运动。由于轮轨系统的激励，联轴器振动幅度较大，浮动式内齿套在高速旋转时受到离心力和陀螺力作用，动态不对中联轴器具有复杂的振动特征。动车驱动系统结构振动具有外载荷随机振动及内部激励双重特性。首先利用数学方法求解鼓形齿啮合关系,其次建立联轴器内齿套6自由度的转子动力学分析模型，研究高速旋转联轴器受随机载荷、离心力和陀螺力的影响规律，分析联轴器振动频率与旋转速度及激扰频率的相互关系，探明其各频段振动的产生根源。最后，利用多体动力学软件SIMPACK建立具有鼓形齿联轴器驱动系统的高速动车动力学模型，数值仿真动车驱动系统结构振动及整车动力学特征，分析高速旋转鼓形齿联轴器对动车驱动系统影响的振动规律，解决驱动系统的参数匹配问题。

本项目以应用齿轴联轴器的高速车辆驱动系统动力学为研究背景。由于轮轨系统的激励，联轴器振动幅度较大，浮动式内齿套在高速旋转时受到离心力和陀螺力作用，动态不对中联轴器具有复杂的振动特征。首先对鼓形齿齿面啮合数学建模方法进行研究，对齿面啮合分析采用两种数学建模方式，并采用有限元方法进行对比。根据齿面齿哈计算方法，编程鼓形齿啮合及参数优化计算程序，实现对鼓形齿结构参数优化，分析鼓形齿啮合特征。根据利用数学方法求解鼓形齿啮合关系,建立联轴器内齿套6自由度的转子动力学分析模型，研究高速旋转联轴器受随机载荷、离心力和陀螺力的影响规律，分析联轴器振动频率与旋转速度及激扰频率的相互关系，探明其各频段振动的产生根源。利用多体动力学软件SIMPACK建立具有鼓形齿联轴器驱动系统的高速动车动力学模型，数值仿真动车驱动系统结构振动及整车动力学特征，分析高速旋转鼓形齿联轴器对动车驱动系统影响的振动规律，解决驱动系统的参数匹配问题。另外，项目对高速车辆驱动系统悬弹性悬挂机理进行了深入研究，提出基于动力吸振的驱动系统弹性悬挂理论。针对机车黏着极限态驱动系统动力学进行研究，提出机车黏滑振动理论，并据此优化机车驱动系统悬挂，以提高机车黏着性能。