不确定条件下基于动态能力的企业主动环境战略研究

Environmental issues have become a key factor affecting and restricting China's modernization. Firms are both causes and solutions for environmental pollution, which should be responsible and take proactive strategies to reduce negative impacts on the environment. However, there evidences reluctancy in practice and neglection in academics on the role firms play on environmental protection. We integrate multi-disciplinary theories of strategic management, sustainable development and environmental economics, apply multiple methods, including field interviews, questionnaires, case studies and empirical analysis, to address this issue. Based on dynamic capability perspective, we try to open the "black box" of the adoption and functions of proactive environmental strategy under environmental uncertainty. Specifically, we propose a theoretical framework of "dynamic capabilities →proactive environmental strategy →competitive advantage", design and improve the scales of proactive environmental strategy and dynamic capabilities, explore the interactions between dynamic capabilities and proactive environmental strategies, the impact of proactive environmental strategies on competitive advantage and the moderating role environmental uncertainty plays. Through this research, we aim to provide implications both for firms to achieve sustainable development and for governments to accelerate the progess of green economy and the transformation of the mode of economic development.

环保问题已成为影响和制约中国现代化建设全局的一个关键问题。企业既是环境污染的源头，也是环境保护的主体，必须承担起应有的环境保护责任，积极实施主动环境战略，降低对环境的负面影响。然而，当前我国大部分企业在环境保护方面仍踌躇不前，学术界对企业与自然环境的关系也未给予应有重视。本项目集成战略管理、可持续发展、环境经济等多学科理论，通过实地访谈与问卷调查，运用案例分析与实证研究方法，基于动态能力视角打开企业主动环境战略"黑箱"，研究不确定条件下企业主动环境战略的形成与功效机制，构建"企业动态能力→主动环境战略→竞争优势"的理论框架，设计和改进企业主动环境战略与动态能力等构念的测度量表，探讨动态能力与主动环境战略的互动机理，研究主动环境战略对竞争优势的传导机制，考察环境不确定性的调节作用，为企业应对环境变化、实现可持续发展，为促进我国绿色经济、加快经济发展方式转变提供可资参考的政策建议。

本项目针对当前我国企业发展过程中忽略环境保护这一现象,结合两型社会和生态文明制度建设研究工作，以战略管理、可持续发展、环境经济等相关理论为基础，通过实地访谈、问卷调查与上市公司数据，综合运用理论研究、定性研究和定量研究方法，基于动态能力视角研究了环境保护与公司业绩的关系；构建了“企业动态能力→主动环境战略→竞争优势”的理论框架，设计和改进了企业主动环境战略与动态能力等构念的测度量表并进行了实证分析；从宏观层面探讨了我国环境规制政策及其对碳排放和企业环境行为的影响，从微观层面研究了企业主动实施环境信息披露、漂绿等环境战略对降低环境负面影响及自身财务绩效的效果；为企业应对环境变化，实现可持续发展提供了理论与实践指导；为促推我国生态文明建设、实现美丽中国梦提供可资参考的政策建议。