基于孕妇腹壁电连续监测胎儿瞬时心率的稳健方法

Continuous monitoring fetal Beat-to-Beat heart rate to estimate the state of fetal Hypoxia is necessary for the security of fetus in the mother's uterus.Nowadays the widespread fetal monitor is based on the ultrasonic Doppler to measure fetal heart rate(HR), and it has the shortcoming of being very sensitive to orientation,thus being inconvenient in practical uses. Continuously monitoring fetal beat-to-beat heart rate based on abdominal surface bio-potentials should be more convenient and have more application potentials;however,at present, its robustness is not enough, less than ultrasonic Doppler methods,ruslting in its not being widespread.. This proposal deals with a few of important aspects related to monitor fetal Beat-to-Beat HR based on abdominal bio-potentials:(1)the optimization of electrodes configuration at abdonimal surface;(2) the optimization of linear conbination of aquired signals from abdominal surface;(3)the optimization of adaptive seperation of maternal ECG component from original abdominal recordings. .The deep scientific problems on the above aspects are studied,such as the SNR distribution rule or image of fetal ECG on abdominal surface, the optimal fetal ECG SNR vector and its axis on the abdomen, and the solution of the conflict between model accuracy and machine learning in adaptive modeling to separate maternal ECG.In these studies, many research contents and proposed concepts are new..The done work has revealed that this study is necessary and its scheme is feasible. It is believed that the further study in this project must be able to answer how to improve the robustness of continuously monitoring fetal beat-to-beat HR based on abdominal bio-potentials, thus making good conditions for the method's prevailingness and serving for human.

在连续监测胎儿瞬时心率的两种方式中,基于孕妇腹壁电的方式比基于多普勒超声的方式，在使用方便性方面更有优势，但其方法尚不成熟，表现在不能稳健地或者说鲁棒地正确监测胎儿瞬时心率。. 项目旨在提高方法的稳健性，拟从三个方面着手挖掘潜力：（1）腹壁电探测电极布置位置的优化;(2)采集的各测点腹壁电之线性组合的优化;(3)腹壁电母体ECG分量自适应分离的优化等。重点研究此三方面所涉及的深层次科学问题，包括:腹壁胎心电信噪比分布规律(电像图)，腹壁最优胎心电向量及其电轴规律，自适应分离中的模型精度与机器学习矛盾的解决方案等。尚未见国内外有相同研究内容的报道；其中，电像图、腹壁最优胎心电向量及其电轴、相空间中自适应建模等概念或方法，均为项目首次提出。. 初步工作已显示项目的必要性和方案的可行性。相信进一步研究必将大大提高基于腹壁电连续监测胎儿瞬时心率方法的稳健性，为其推广普及创造条件。

项目的研究目标是：提出能稳健地基于腹壁电连续监测胎儿瞬时心率的解决方案。项目通过按计划系统深入地研究“腹壁电探测电极布置位置的优化”、“采集的各测点腹壁电之线性组合的优化”和“腹壁电母体ECG分量自适应分离的优化”等三方面的深层次的科学问题，发现了其中的若干规律，如当腹壁电极对刚好与胎儿心电电轴方向一致且距离较远时测得的信号有最高的信噪比，再如发现“正常人心电波形时限特征不随HRV而变”等；在此规律基础上，提出了分离效果优异的胎儿心电分离算法，而且提出了保证实时性的手段，这就构成了所谓更为稳健地连续监测胎儿瞬时心率的解决方案。研究成果体现在：以第1作者或通讯作者发表相关论文16篇，合作发表相关论文8篇，其中，SCI共收录16篇，获授权或受理发明专利12项，培养博士生硕士生15人，研制出了国际先进的高精度生物电采集系统。而且，部分成果得以向应用转移。总之，项目完全达到了研究目标，取得了实质进展，为胎心电技术的进一步发展和推广普及创造了有利条件。