竞争环境下生产商在供应链中共享需求信息的机制研究

Information sharing is one of the most important decisions in supply chain management. Information sharing from the retailer to the manufacturer has been well studied in literature. With the development of the information technology, it is quite common that the manufacturers receive more demand information than their retailers. In this setting, how to share the manufacturers’ information with their retailers becomes an important decision. Although it is widely observed in practice, few of papers have considered this important issue. The purpose of this proposal is to study the incentive of sharing manufacturers’ information comprehensively. The proposal will investigate different supply chain structures, including a common manufacturer and two competing retailers, two competing manufacturers and a common retailer, and two competing supply chains. We also consider different drivers which may affect the incentive of information sharing, including the accuracy of the information, competition intensity and different contracts. The proposal will contribute the field of sharing manufacturer's demand information. The theoretical results of this project will be instructive to the decisions of information sharing in supply chains, which can improve the performance of the supply chain in the competing environment.

信息共享是供应链管理中最重要的决策之一。在供应链中如何共享下游零售商的需求信息给上游生产商的决策已经获得了广泛研究。随着科技的发展，经常出现生产商比零售商知道更多的需求信息。因此，如何共享生产商的需求信息给零售商成为很重要的决策。虽然工业界已经做出了大量的共享生产商需求信息的实践，但是这方面的理论研究还留有很大的空白。本申请项目拟针对不同的供应链结构中共享上游生产商的需求信息的激励机制和决策研究进行深入的理论分析。本项目将考虑不同的供应链结构，包括一个生产商与两个竞争的零售商，两个竞争的生产商与一个零售商，和两个竞争的供应链。在不同的供应链结构中，本项目将考虑影响信息共享响决策的不同因素，包括信息的精确度，产品之间竞争的激烈程度和不同的供应链合同。本项目有望填补生产商信息共享决策的理论空白，对供应链管理中的信息共享决策提供理论依据，从而提高供应链的竞争。

信息不对称在供应链中普遍存在，对供应链整体效率造成伤害。如何消除供应链中的信息不对称问题是供应链管理中最重要的决策之一。现实中企业可以利用信息共享、机制设计等方法降低信息不对称的负面影响。本项目通过调研典型企业获取了理论研究的实际背景和支持。针对不同的供应链结构中信息不对称问题，展开了深入研究，包括在存在供应链竞争和生产具有学习效应的环境下, 供应链的内部企业如何共享信息；在一个生产商和多个零售商的供应链环境中，具有更多信息的生产商如何共享信息。本项目的研究取得了较好的研究成果。在项目执行的过程中，项目组加强了与国内外学术界的联系，培养了一名博士后和数名本科生，提高了项目研究人员的研究能力。