一步控制合成贵金属-聚合物Janus纳米颗粒及其作为SERS基底用于检测芳香胺类化合物的研究

Janus nanoparticles consist of two jointed components with distinct properties via asymmetrical mode.The difunctional character of Janus nanoparticles confers upon them great potential applications in wide field. Due to the distinct composition and structure, most synthesis methods of Janus nanoparticles are complicated, or need strict experimental conditions. The project is dedicated to develop a facile and effective one-step controllable synthesis approach to fabricate noble metal-polymer Janus nanoparticles. In one reaction process, the noble metal and polymer can be obtained and joint through asymmetrical mode using the simple reaction system and experimental conditions. We will research the dominant factors resulting in the form and combination of two components with asymmetrical mode. It will be discussed that the formation mechanism and control approach of composing and structure of Janus nanoparticles. The application of as-prepared noble metal-polymer Janus nanoparticles as surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates in detection of aromatic amines will be deeply researched. We will also systematically analyze the relationship between the distinct composing, structure and propriety of Janus nanoparticles with detection capability. The dominant factors and principles influencing detection capability will be clarified. Consequently, the conditions to enhance sensitivity and selective of detection capability could be obtained. On the basis of research results, we aim to develop a kind of approach to detect aromatic amines in water using noble metal-polymer Janus nanoparticles as SERS substrates. The implementation of the project will expand the synthesis method and application spectrum of Janus nanoparticles, and promote the development of environmental pollutants detection technology.

Janus纳米颗粒是由两种不同组分以不对称方式结合而成的纳米材料，具有双官能性，在诸多领域具有应用价值。因组成和结构的特殊性，其合成大多过程繁琐，对实验条件要求较高。本项目旨在发展一种简便、有效的贵金属-聚合物Janus纳米颗粒一步控制合成方法。在简单的反应体系和实验条件下，实现贵金属与聚合物在同一反应过程形成并以不对称方式结合。研究促使两组分形成并以不对称方式结合的主导因素，探讨形成机理及调控材料组成、结构的方法。进一步研究所合成的Janus纳米颗粒作为表面增强拉曼散射（SERS）基底用于检测芳香胺类化合物。分析其特殊的组成、结构、性质与检测性能间关系，阐明影响性能的关键因素与原理，明确提高检测灵敏性和选择性的条件，发展一种基于贵金属-聚合物Janus纳米颗粒SERS基底的检测芳香胺类化合物的方法。本项目的实施拓展了Janus纳米颗粒的合成方法和应用领域，促进了环境污染物检测技术发展。

Janus纳米颗粒是由两种不同组分以不对称方式结合而成的纳米材料，具有双官能性。因组成和结构的特殊性，其制备方法大多过程繁琐，对实验条件要求较高。本项目旨在发展一种简便、有效的Janus纳米颗粒控制制备方法。通过探索，成功地运用简单的液相方法，一步制备出Ag-聚糠醇Janus纳米颗粒。对产物形成过程进行了系统地分析，明确了Ag和聚糠醇的形成机理，获得了成功制备出Ag-聚糠醇Janus纳米颗粒的关键因素。关键因素是：在反应体系中加入合适的辅助试剂。辅助试剂既能保证不同组份在形成过程中均匀的分散而不发生自身团聚，又能对组份的表面进行修饰，使得不同组份彼此间能够相互结合，从而形成Janus纳米颗粒。在合成Ag-聚糠醇Janus纳米颗粒的反应体系中，PVP分子就起到了这样的作用。基于制备Ag-聚糠醇Janus纳米颗粒取得的研究成果，我们选取了合适的试剂，制备出多种Au-CdS Janus纳米颗粒和核壳异质结构。在此过程中，根据所获得的结果，我们拓展了研究内容，制备出多种氧化物空心球和硫属化合物，并对所制备材料的催化性能进行了详细研究。本项目的特色在于，明确了使不同组份材料相互结合的关键因素，发展了Janus纳米颗粒和核壳异质结构纳米材料简单、有效的液相制备方法，为复杂结构纳米材料的制备提供了理论指导。同时研究了材料的催化性能和结构之间的关系，为设计高效催化剂纳米材料提供了参考。