Type 1 diabetes (T1DM) is an autoimmune disease caused mainly by the destruction of insulin secreting islet β cells and subsequent lack of insulin. Innate immunity plays an important role in the pathogenesis of T1DM through receptor pathways like the Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and NOD-like receptors (NLRs). Hyperuricemia is an common metabolic disease which causes Gout. It is also one of the risk factors of other chronic diseases such as metabolic syndrome and Type 2 Diabetes as well. However, the relation between Hyperuricemia and T1DM is unknown. Activation of NLRs family member NLRP3 by urate crystals can subsequently cause an inflammation cascasde and thereby results in Gout. Recently, the deficiency of NLRP3 protects Non-obese diabetic(NOD) mice from T1DM has been reported. Therefore we hypothesize that hyperuricemia can promote the development of T1DM by activating NLRP3 related innate immune system. In this study, we will establish a hyperuricemic non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice model to observe the influence of hyperuricemia on T1DM development and it's metabolic phenotype. The role of NLRP3 in the process will be studied by in-vivo and in-vitro experiments using the technique of immuno-cell biology and molecular biology. The study will provide new experimental evidence and new thoughts for the basic immune researches of T1DM.
1型糖尿病(T1DM) 是一种由免疫细胞对于胰岛β细胞的破坏,导致胰岛素分泌的绝对缺乏的自身免疫疾病。天然免疫通过Toll样受体(TLR)及NOD样受体(NLR)途径参与T1DM发病。高尿酸是目前最常见的代谢性疾病之一,不仅直接导致痛风,亦为代谢综合征、2型糖尿病等其他慢性疾病的危险因素。但其与1型糖尿病的关系尚无报道。尿酸结晶主要通过NLR受体成员NLRP3激活天然免疫系统,继发炎症反应导致痛风,近期研究发现NLRP3亦参与并促进T1DM的发生和发展,因此我们认为高尿酸可能通过激活NLRP3相关天然免疫途径促进1型糖尿病的发生。本课题将首次建立高尿酸NOD小鼠1型糖尿病模型,研究高尿酸对1型糖尿病发病及代谢表型的影响,并应用细胞免疫学及分子生物学实验技术探索高尿酸对1型糖尿病的细胞免疫学影响及NLRP3在其中的作用机制。本研究将为T1DM的治疗和代谢免疫学研究提供了新依据及新思路。
1型糖尿病(T1DM) 是一种由于自身免疫细胞对于胰岛Beta细胞破坏导致的自身免疫疾病。痛风和高尿酸血症是重要的代谢性疾病,而免疫系统异常亦参与高尿酸血症和痛风的形成过程中,在其中起到重要的作用。我们通过构建高尿酸NOD小鼠来研究高尿酸对于1型糖尿病发病的作用。通过研究,我们发现高尿酸可显著影响NOD小鼠糖代谢状况,增加外周抗胰岛素自身抗体,增加外周血IFN-r,TNF-a,高尿酸NOD小鼠CD4+T及CD8+T淋巴细胞分泌IFN-r,TNF-a增多,体外高尿酸培养可诱导免疫细胞炎症因子NALP3,IL-18, Casp1表达升高。然而不管是通过糖尿病自然病程的观察或在NOD.SCID小鼠中过继转移实验,我们发现高尿酸并未显著影响NOD小鼠1型糖尿病。这可能与高尿酸NOD小鼠循环抑制因子IL-10和调节性T淋巴细胞增多相关。本研究首次通过体内外实验阐述了1型糖尿病和高尿酸血症中的关系,为代谢性疾病之间的相互影提供了更多依据。. B淋巴细胞在1型糖尿病中起到重要作用。活化诱导胞嘧啶脱氨基酶在1型糖尿病中的作用未知。我们发现AID缺失的NOD小鼠(AID–/–NOD)1型糖尿病发病显著增快,胰岛炎更为严重,血清抗胰岛素自身抗体显著增多。AID–/–NOD小鼠T,B淋巴细胞增殖及活化程度增加,并且体外实验提示T-B相互作用在AID–/–NOD小鼠中更为增进。AID–/–NOD小鼠CD4+T淋巴细胞T-bet,IFN-r表达增加,体外实验共同过继转移T淋巴细胞及B淋巴细胞,证实AID缺失的B淋巴细胞可以辅助致糖尿病性T淋巴细胞导致更为显著的胰岛自身免疫,从而促进1型糖尿病的发生发展。因此我们认为AID是1型糖尿病的重要负性调节因子。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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