静电纺纳米多孔材料过程中多相射流的机理研究

Because of ultra high specific surface, nanoporous structures are potentially of great technological interest for the development of electronic, catalytic and hydrogen-storage systems, invisibility device (e.g. stealth plane, stealth clothes), and others. Porous structure and connectivity determine how electrospun nanoporous materials perform in applications such as adsorption, separation, filtering, catalysis, fluid storage and transport, and its mechanical mechanism has been received much attention in recent years. In this project, numerical analysis and experiment verification will be carried out to research mechanical mechanism of multiphase jet arising in the electrospun nanoporous materials process..To this end, a multiphase flow model will be established considering rheology, viscoelasticity and evaporation of solution, porous structure, characteristics of additive particles, and coupling of particles and flow field for the electrospinning nanoporous materials process under coupled multi-field (e.g., electric field, magnetic field, vibration force, fluid field and temperature field). Then based on the model, the effects of various spinning parameters, such as voltage, magnetic field intensity, vibration frequency and solvent evaporation rate, on quality of product, such as the number of nanopores and diameter, will be systematically carried out, finally the model will be further ameliorated according to the experimental data. The model can be used to optimize and control the electrospinning parameters. And a high accurate finite volume method is developed in order to precisely predict multiphase jet arising in the electrospun nanoporous materials process.

纳米多孔材料具有超高吸附、超高表面能和超高表面活性等特性，在生物、医药、能源、环境和航天等领域显示出了巨大的应用前景，其可控制备的机理研究一直受到各相关领域的关注，而此机理研究的瓶颈在于缺少适用的数值研究方法，特别是一个有效完善的静电纺多相流模型。本项目将采用数值模拟与试验测试技术及表征方法相结合的方法研究静电纺纳米多孔材料过程中多相射流的力学行为及其机理，考虑溶液流变性、粘弹性及其挥发吸热、纳米多孔材料的孔隙结构（如孔隙率、孔直径等）和添加颗粒的特性及其与流场的耦合作用等因素，建立多场（电场、磁场、振动力场、流场和温度场）耦合作用下的静电纺多相流模型，发展适用于其机理研究的数值方法，准确预测此多相射流流动，不断完善和改进已建立的模型及纳米多孔材料的设计方法，为实现纳米孔结构和纳米多孔材料的可控制备提供试验和理论依据。

纳米多孔材料具有超高吸附、超高表面能和超高表面活性等特性，在生物、医药、能源、环境和航天等领域显示出了巨大的应用前景，其可控制备的机理研究一直受到各相关领域的关注，而此机理研究的瓶颈在于缺少适用的数值研究方法，特别是一个有效完善的静电纺多相流模型。本项目采用数值模拟与试验测试技术及表征方法相结合的方法研究了静电纺纳米多孔材料过程中多相射流的力学行为及其机理，研究了纺丝参数、溶液的流变性、粘弹性及挥发性、纳米多孔材料的孔隙结构（如孔隙率、孔直径等）和添加颗粒的特性及其与流场的耦合作用等因素对纺丝过程中的多相射流和产品质量的影响，建立了多场（电场、磁场、振动力场、流场和温度场）耦合作用下的静电纺多相流模型，并在已建立的模型基础上，发展了适用于其机理研究的数值方法，对纺丝过程进行了数值计算和试验验证，从而预测了此多相射流流动，不断完善和改进了已建立的模型及纳米多孔材料的设计方法，为实现纳米孔结构和纳米多孔材料的可控制备提供了试验和理论依据。此外，开发了具有知识产权的批量制备静电纺纳米多孔材料的装置，并研究了其机理，探索了纳米多孔材料在生物医药、组织工程、环境保护和能源等方面的应用。本项目的研究成果节省了大量重复试验的时间和成本，为实现静电纺纳米多孔材料的可控和批量制备提供了理论和试验依据，有助于自主开发纳米纤维规模化制备的新型静电纺丝装置，对民用和军事行业的发展具有重大的意义。