面向UWSN的水下观测数据质量保障机制研究

In recent years, advances in underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSN) have facilitated a wide variety of exciting applications, including scientific exploration, environmental monitoring, military defense, etc. The data quality collected by UWSN is crucial for the reconstruction of observation objects. However, the specific characters of acoustic communication that low bandwidth, high latency, and high error rate make it difficult for nodes to find the network changes, and it is difficult to quickly respond to network changes caused by node movement or damage, which lead to a great challenge to the integrity of collected data. At the same time, it also seriously affects the data delivery rate and reduces the data quality of the observed data. Therefore, the data integrity acquisition strategy, the low-redundant and reliable data transmission method for underwater acoustics, and the missing data imputation mechanism have become the key technologies in UWSN to ensure data quality. However, the related work about the data collection strategy and data transmission in UWSN is still insufficient. This project focuses on the characteristics of underwater acoustic channels and the mobility of nodes, studies the integrity data acquisition strategy; studies the low redundancy and reliable data transmission mechanism for underwater acoustic channels; studies the high loss rate compression data missing imputation strategy. This project will provide theoretical and technical support for data quality in UWSN, which has significant theoretical and practical values.

水下无线传感器网络（UWSN）作为海洋观测的重要依托，在科学探测、环境监测、军事国防等领域得到广泛关注。UWSN采集的数据质量对观测对象的重构至关重要。而低带宽、高延迟、高误码率的水声通信导致节点对网络变化的感知存在很高的延迟，很难快速响应节点移动或损坏导致的网络变化，这为数据采集的完整性带来了极大的挑战。同时也严重影响着采集数据的送达率，降低了观测数据的数据质量。因此面向网络变化延迟感知的数据完整性采集策略，水声低冗余可靠数据传输方法，以及缺失数据恢复机制成为了UWSN中保证数据质量不可或缺的关键技术。但上述方面的相关研究工作还很不充分。本课题面向水声信道的特性和节点的移动性，研究水下网络变化延迟感知的数据采集策略；研究面向水声信道的低冗余可靠数据传输机制；研究高丢包率压缩数据的缺失填充策略。本项研究将为UWSN中的数据质量研究提供理论和技术保障，具有重要的理论与应用价值。

水下无线传感器网络（UWSN）作为海洋观测的重要依托，在科学探测、环境监测、军事国防等领域得到广泛关注。UWSN采集的数据质量对观测对象的重构至关重要。而低带宽、高延迟、高误码率的水声通信导致节点对网络变化的感知存在很高的延迟，很难快速响应节点移动或损坏导致的网络变化，这为数据采集的完整性带来了极大的挑战。本课题详细调研了水下数据可靠性收集方法，开展了了无线网络中近似数据收集研究，提出了UWSNs中最大化信息价值收集的AUV路径规划近似算法，设计了高效的多信道MAC协议，研制了单拷贝低控制路由策略，设计了链路自适应的数据编码机制，提出了UWSN中数据采样节点部署优化和近似数据重建策略，提出了基于编码和复用高效物联网机器视觉推理。项目的相关研究成果是构建水下传感器网络可靠性数据收集的理论基础和核心技术，具有重要的理论和应用价值。