非掺杂有机空穴传输材料的开发及应用

Organic hole-transporting materials have been shown to be important for organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells, playing a key role in hole transfer and transportation, retarding charge recombination and improving schottky contact. So far, the well-known hole-transporting materials (such as spiro-OMeTAD and PTAA) for perovskite solar cells have not usually performed efficiently in their pristine form due to their low mobility and conductivity, and p-type dopants (such as lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide, Li-TFSI) have been frequently adopted to improve the cell performance. However, the p-type doping strategy requires strict optimization of the doping conditions (e.g., the solvent, dopants and doping concentrations). Moreover, lithium salt has aggravated cell performance degradation owing to its deliquescent behavior, which went against the practical application of perovskite solar cells. Therefore, it is significant and urgent to address such issues by new strategy. In this project, we will develop a series of dopant-free hole-transporting materials with high hole mobility by molecular engineering, and investigate their application in perovskite solar cells as well as the relationship between the molecular structure and the photovoltaic performance of the corresponding device. The aim of this project is making great progress in the research of stable and efficient perovskite solar cells.

有机空穴传输材料在有机无机杂化钙钛矿太阳能电池中扮演着非常重要的角色，包括改善界面的肖特基接触、空穴的转移和传输、抑制电荷复合等。目前为止，常用的有机空穴传输材料（如，spiro-OMeTAD和PTAA）空穴迁移率和电导率较低，无法直接用于钙钛矿太阳能电池并获得高效率,通常需要掺杂添加剂（如, 二(三氟甲基磺酸酰)亚胺锂，Li-TFSI）来提升器件的光电转换效率。然而，掺杂策略需要进行严格的条件优化（溶剂、掺杂剂和掺杂浓度等）。此外，锂盐Li-TFSI的易吸湿性导致电池的快速衰退，不利于钙钛矿太阳能电池的实际应用。因此迫切需要开发新的策略来避免P-型掺杂过程引起的各种问题。本项目拟通过分子设计合成等手段开发一系列具有高迁移率的非掺杂有机空穴传输材料应用于钙钛矿太阳能电池中，并探讨非掺杂有机空穴传输材料分子结构与电池光电性能的关系，旨在稳定的高效率钙钛矿太阳能电池的研究中取得突破性进展。

近年来，有机-无机杂化钙钛矿太阳能电池取得了突飞猛进的发展，应用前景广泛。有机空穴传输材料在有机无机杂化钙钛矿太阳能电池中扮演着非常重要的角色，包括改善界面的肖特基接触、空穴的转移和传输、抑制电荷复合等。常用的有机空穴传输材料空穴迁移率和电导率较低，通常需要掺杂添加剂（如, 二(三氟甲基磺酸酰)亚胺锂，Li-TFSI）来提升器件的光电转换效率。然而，掺杂策略需要进行严格的条件优化（溶剂、掺杂剂和掺杂浓度等）。锂盐Li-TFSI的易吸湿性导致电池的快速衰退，不利于钙钛矿太阳能电池的实际应用。本项目通过分子设计开发了一系列新型三芳胺类非掺杂空穴传输材料，作为非掺杂空穴传输材料应用于钙钛矿太阳能电池中，最高光电转换效率达15.2%，并探讨了材料结构与器件性能之间的构效关系。我们在高质量混合离子钙钛矿薄膜的制备上取得了一定的进展，首次观察到并研究了铯掺杂的甲脒碘铅混合阳离子钙钛矿材料的光诱导相分离和热修复行为，为进一步提升钙钛矿材料的光电转换效率和稳定性具有一定的学术意义。此外，我们采用一种绿色合成方法制备了氢氧化镍超薄纳米片，材料表现出优异的超级电容器性能。