模拟微重力环境对人牙髓干细胞黏附及生物学特性的影响

While overcoming the effect of gravity,simulated microgravity can assist cells to contact with each other and get closer to each other.Therefore many scientists hope to solve the problem of seed cells appeared in the field of tissue engineering through simulated microgravity.It has been confirmed by aeromedicine that simulated microgravity has an impact on both the morphology and the function of cardiac muscle cells,osteoblasts and nerve cells.At present,scientists,home and abroad,has rearly explored the effect of simulated microgravity on dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs). Thus,many difficulties are still there to conquer while the study of DPSCs' growth, proliferation and migration under simulated microgravity is going on.The subject is to explore firstly the biological characteristics of DPSCs under simulated microgravity through both investing the expression of cell-matrix adhesion molecules of under simulated microgravity and analyzing the changes of signal molecules on the cell signal transduction pathways,and to explore further the possible changes of DPSCs' morphology, movement function and existence when gravity gained.The study expects to provide theoretical support for tooth repair and regeneration; also,to give birth to an entirely new concept for the biotherapy of dental caries and pulposis; still,to improve our understanding of organism's teeth in space environment to cellular and molecular level; finally,to serve for the future aerospace medicine.

模拟微重力环境能克服重力影响，有利于细胞间的接触、聚集。因此，众多学者希望通过模拟微重力环境解决组织工程中种子细胞的问题。空间医学研究已证实微重力环境对生物体的心肌细胞、成骨细胞、神经细胞等细胞形态及功能均产生影响。目前，国内外学者对模拟微重力环境下牙髓干细胞的研究较少，微重力环境对牙髓干细胞的生长、增殖、迁移等功能活动的研究仍存在许多难题。该课题在模拟微重力环境下通过对人牙髓干细胞的细胞-基质黏附分子基因表达的检测，以及细胞转导通路中信号分子变化的分析来探索微重力环境对人牙髓干细胞生物学特性的影响；进一步探讨人牙髓干细胞恢复重力后可能发生的细胞形态、运动功能、生存等重要生命活动的变化。本研究期望为牙齿的修复与牙再生的研究提供理论支持，为龋病、牙髓病的生物治疗树立新的理念，提供新的思路；以期使人类对空间环境下生物体牙体组织变化的认识上升到细胞分子水平，为未来空间医学服务。

随着空间技术的不断发展，微重力环境可为细胞提供特殊的生长环境及三维空间。本课题采用模拟微重力环境下细胞与支架接种的方式，通过对人DPSCs的细胞增殖、黏附、迁移和细胞骨架等的检测，以及细胞转导通路中信号分子变化的分析来探索模拟微重力环境对人DPSCs功能活动的影响，发现模拟微重力能促进人牙髓干细胞的增殖和黏附能力，改变细胞骨架，抑制细胞迁移，得出模拟微重力为细胞提供了一个更有利于细胞新陈代谢的动态微环境，通过激活整合蛋白信号通路，促进细胞与细胞、细胞与材料之间的相互作用，调节模拟微重力下人牙髓干细胞的细胞形态、运动功能、生存等重要生命活动的变化。模拟微重力为牙齿组织工程再生学提供更为理想的途径。本项目的工作也为进一步研究选择更适宜的微重力环境对细胞生物学特性的影响奠定了工作基础。