光影响茅苍术倍半萜类挥发油生物合成的机理研究

There are differences in the cultivation environments and the wild natural habitats of some Traditional Chinese Medicines(TCM). Many TCM have been grown in the forest or the edge of forest, but they were planted in the open field now, the issues of the non-compliance of the medicinal ingredients were appeared, Atractylodes lancea is a typical representative. Previous studies indicate that the sesquiterpenes volatile oils in Atractylodes lancea were vulnerably impacted by light, but its impaction mechanism was unclear. “Regulation mechanism of the sesquiterpenes volatile oils’ secondary metabolites biosynthetic by light” as a study of typical scientific issues, need further study.."Regulation mechanism of the secondary metabolites biosynthetic of sesquiterpenes volatile oils in Atractylodes lancea by light” were tried to find by the study of: ①Accumulation Regularity of the sesquiterpenes volatile oils in Atractylodes lancea; ② Physiological and biochemical responses; ③ Expression of the key enzyme gene in the sesquiterpenes volatile oils’ secondary metabolites biosynthetic pathway; ④ Content of the final sesquiterpenes volatile oils under different intensity and wavelengths of light..At the same time, this research can provide technical support for the ecological site selection and regulation of Atractylodes lancea in it's ecological cultivation, as well as provide theoretical basis and technical decisions for the intercropping, imitation of wild cultivation, various ecosystems cropping patterns of partial shade and shade cultivation of Traditional Chinese Medicines.

中药材人工栽培环境与野生自然生长环境存在差异，部分林下、林缘药材被置于露地集约栽培，导致出现药材成分不达标等问题，茅苍术是典型代表。前期研究表明茅苍术倍半萜类挥发油易受光照影响，但其影响机理不清楚。将其作为研究“光照对倍半萜类挥发油次生代谢产物生物合成调控机理”科学问题的典型代表，有必要进行深入研究。. 本文通过研究不同的光照强度和不同波长光质下: ①茅苍术倍半萜类挥发油的积累规律；②生理生化反应；③倍半萜类挥发油生物合成途径关键酶基因表达；④最终倍半萜类挥发油的积累量。试图找到光照影响茅苍术倍半萜类挥发油生物合成的作用机制。. 同时，本研究对茅苍术生态种植中的立地生态环境选择和调控具有实际意义，同时为部分阴生和耐阴药用植物栽培中的间套作、仿野生栽培、各种生态种植模式提供理论依据和技术决策。

中药材人工栽培环境与野生自然环境存在差异，部分林下、林缘药材被置于露地集约栽培，导致出现药材成分不达标等问题，茅苍术是典型代表。.前期研究表明茅苍术倍半萜类挥发油易受光照影响，但其影响机理不清楚。本文通过设置不同光照强度（CK、80%、60%、40%、20%、7%）和不同光质（CK，红光，蓝光，红蓝（9:1），红蓝（6:1），红蓝（3:1））实验，研究不同光强和光质下茅苍术生长曲线和倍半萜类挥发油积累动态规律，色素含量、光合参数、抗氧化酶活性、激素、等生理生化指标的变化以及倍半萜合成关键酶基因表达。.主要研究结果如下：不同光照处理下茅苍术生物量及挥发油积累主要是在膨大期。其中红蓝（9:1）组膨大期及成熟期茅苍术的根茎生物量（23.18 g、28.38g）及4种挥发油成分（苍术素、苍术酮、苍术醇和β-桉叶醇）总量（3.74%、5.17%）最高；红蓝（9:1）光照下的光合参数、Chl（a+b），Car含量、Chla/b比率、茅苍术倍半萜合成途径上关键酶基因DXR、HMGR、FPPS、TPS表达量显著高于对照组；随着红光比例的下降，光合色素相关指标也随之降低，蓝光组的色素含量、丙二醛（MDA）含量、相关酶基因表达量最低。.光强组中80%光强处理下的茅苍术生物量（14.52g、46.35g、59.56g）及挥发油含量（5.38%、6.95%、8.27%）整个生长期都显著高于对照组，且随着光强的削弱，生物量及挥发油含量逐渐降低。光强组中80%光强组的光合参数指标、Chla/b比率、抗氧化酶活性、根茎叶的激素含量、关键酶基因表达也显著高于对照组，且光强越低，表达量越低。其中40%光强组的关键酶基因表达量略高于60%光强组。.以上结果表明，红蓝（9:1）光照条件以及80%光强处理最适合茅苍术生物量及次生代谢物的积累。项目探讨了光照对倍半萜合成的影响机理，为林下经济中的中药种植提供了理论依据。