全球经济海参种特异性同步PCR鉴定体系的研究

China is the biggest market of sea cucumber consumption. About 50 species are commercially exploited all over the world as food, which export to China after capture and processed. Sea cucumber obtain different prices according to species, it is very difficult to identify clearly the species of processed sea cucumber on the basis of their morphology. There are substitution of a sea cucumber species for others with less value and ambigous labeling in the market. The previous study of applicant has established the FINS (forensically informative nucleotide sequencing) System for identification of sea cucumber species. The result showed that 16S rRNA gene is a suitable molecular marker for identification. The main objective of the present work is to study Species-specific synchronous PCR system, on the basis of 16S rRNA gene and COI gene, applying Species-specific PCR techniques for the identification of global commercial sea cucumber species. The system is reliable, fast, highly sensitive, convenient, low-cost and large-scale useful. Moreover, the present study will evaluate the labeling situation of sea cucumber products in the Hong Kong SAR market, which is the largest entrepot of the global import-export sea cucumber trade. The present study will provide the technical support for the analysis of genetic resources, control of market and authenticity of imported species.

我国是海参消费第一大国，全球经济海参50余种，捕捞加工后输入我国，不同海参种类价格差异较大，加工过程使得从形态学角度辨别海参品种变得非常困难，市场上存在以次充好、模糊贴标的现象。申请者前期已经建立海参FINS鉴定体系，表明线粒体16S rRNA基因是海参优良的分子标记。本研究拟基于海参16S rRNA基因和COI基因，采用Species-specific PCR技术，进行全球经济海参Species-specific 同步PCR鉴定体系的研究。该体系具有准确、快速、灵敏度高、简便、成本低廉和适应范围广的特点。并运用该体系对全球最大海参进出口贸易市场- - 香港的贴标情况进行调查分析。该研究可为海参种质资源分析、市场监管和进口海参检测提供技术支撑。

我国是海参消费第一大国，全球经济海参50余种，捕捞加工后输入我国，不同海参种类价格差异较大，加工过程使得从形态学角度辨别海参品种变得非常困难，市场上存在以次充好、模糊贴标的现象。本研究基于海参16S rRNA基因和COI基因，采用Species-specific PCR技术，进行全球经济海参Species-specific 同步PCR鉴定体系的研究，通过序列比对，设计出51种经济海参的Species-specific PCR引物，均能较好地扩增出特异性海参基因片段，同时，优化PCR反应条件，使得不同物种海参能在同一PCR反应程序下扩增出特异性片段，建立了全球经济海参Species-specific 同步PCR鉴定技术体系，该体系具有准确、快速、灵敏度高、简便、成本低廉和适应范围广的特点。运用该体系对广州和香港海参贸易市场进行调查分析，结果表明，市场上海参产品错误贴标率高达53.8%，错误贴标主要表现在2方面：1，用低值的海参冒充替代高值海参出售；2，对未知海参品种无法识别。进一步地，本研究勾勒出全球经济海参品种的资源分布情况。项目研究期间，共发表SCI论文5篇，申请专利1项，研究结果可为海参种质资源分析、市场监管和进口海参检测提供技术支撑。