离子液体-碳纳米管对纤维素导电膜性能的调控机制

Developing green and efficient solvents to dissolve cellulose and disperse carbon nanotubes (CNTs) is the key and technological difficulty of preparing CNTs-cellulose conductive composites with excellent properties. Due to the unique properties of ionic liquids (ILs), such as good solubility, structural tunability and being environment-friendly, this project proposes ILs to dissolve cellulose and disperse CNTs, and then prepare cellulose based conductive membranes. Functionalized ILs are designed and synthesized to dissolve cellulose and disperse CNTs. The influence of structures, size of substituent groups and functional groups of ILs on cellulose dissolution and CNTs dispersion will be systematically investigated. The effect of cellulose dissolution, CNTs dispersion and membrane preparation conditions will be studied for regulating the properties of cellulose based conductive membranes. Furthermore, the interaction mechanism between ILs, CNTs and cellulose will be gained by experimental study, spectrum characterization and simulated calculation, which will provide science foundation for designing ILs to efficiently dissolve cellulose and well disperse CNTs, and developing CNTs-cellulose conductive membranes with excellent properties.

开发高效溶解纤维素且能均匀分散碳纳米管的绿色溶剂是制备性能优异的碳纳米管纤维素导电材料的关键和技术难点。本项目基于离子液体良好的溶解性、结构可调性和环境友好等特点，提出以离子液体为溶剂同时溶解纤维素和分散碳纳米管，进一步制备性能可调的纤维素导电膜的新方法。首先设计合成溶解纤维素和分散碳纳米管的功能化离子液体；考察离子液体阴阳离子结构、取代基大小、官能团种类等对纤维素溶解和碳纳米管分散的影响规律；研究离子液体溶解纤维素、分散碳纳米管以及成膜过程对纤维素导电膜性能的调控机制。结合实验研究、谱学表征和模拟计算方法，获得离子液体、纤维素、碳纳米管的微观相互作用机制，为设计兼具高效溶解纤维素和分散碳纳米管能力的离子液体,以及为开发性能优异的碳纳米管纤维素导电膜材料提供科学基础。

本项目针对高效溶解纤维素且均匀分散碳纳米管是制备性能优异的碳纳米管纤维素导电材料的关键和技术难点，开展了以离子液体为溶剂溶解纤维素和分散碳纳米管、纤维素导电膜制备表征、纤维素导电膜性能评价及调控规律的相关研究。项目严格按执行任务书的研究计划进行，如期完成了所有研究内容，达到了预期目标和指标，取得的进展包括：采用COSMO-RS方法预测了357种功能离子液体对纤维素的活度系数，以及溶解效果较好的离子液体与纤维素模型的超额焓，筛选出用于制备纤维素导电膜的离子液体；在此基础上，合成磷酸酯类离子液体为纤维素溶剂及碳纳米管分散剂、长链烷基咪唑离子液体为添加剂促进碳纳米管的分散，制备出性能良好的纤维素导电膜；研究获得离子液体对碳纳米管分散以及对纤维素导电膜结构性能的影响规律，并对其机理进行了分析，为高性能碳纳米管纤维素导电膜材料的设计制备提供了理论指导。.项目执行期间共发表学术论文10篇，申请专利1项，参加国际学术会议并做口头报告及墙报展示3次。项目负责人于2018年晋升为副研究员，入选2019年“中科院过程所青年创新促进会”。项目组成员1人由助理研究员晋升为副研究员，培养硕士研究生3名。