极化磁系统中非线性永磁体工作点迁移机理与控制方法研究

Due to the influence of complex factors such as the soft magnetic materials and air gap, the working point of nonlinear permanent magnet(NPM) in polarization electromagnetic devices, will change unpredictably under the effect of adjusting magnetic field which makes the adjust process of the device difficult. The reliability of the devices will be severely affect. In this project, on the basic principle of micromagnetism, NPM microscopic model will be built firstly to study under the open circuit and different soft magnetic environment. The changing rule of working point in adjusting magnetic field will be studied. Focus on the influence between the local magnetic moments in NPM and soft magnetic, the mathematic model will be built which can reflect the inhomogeneous magnetic field distribution, the out-sync reversal process of magnetic moment, the local and the whole working point migration, the change of the dynamic characteristics. The working point analysis experiment system will be developed. Finally, the resolution and mechanism for the working point migration in NPM can be summarized from the microscopic view polarized magnetic system. And the control method for permanent magnet working point in polarized magnetic system will be researched. This project belongs to the interdisciplinary basic application research of electrical engineering and material science. The results has the theoretical significance to the research of the microstructure and the performance of NPM under the complex soft magnetic materials environment coupling adjusting magnetic field. And has the practical value to the reliability design of polarized electromagnetic equipment which contains NPM.

极化电磁器件中非线性永磁体在调整磁场作用下由于邻近软磁材料、气隙等复杂因素的影响，工作点发生非典型性迁移，导致保持力等重要参数改变，使电器输出特性调整困难，产品可靠性受到严重影响。本项目首先基于微磁学原理，建立非线性永磁体微观模型；在此基础上研究开路及软磁环境下，调整磁场中永磁体工作点的变化规律；分析永磁材料与软磁材料局部磁矩间的相互作用，建立一个能够反映磁场非均匀分布、磁矩不同步翻转、局部工作点迁移、极化磁系统动态特性变化的数学模型，并开发永磁工作点分析实验系统进行验证；最终从微观角度解析极化磁系统中非线性永磁体工作点的迁移规律与变化机理，得到适用于极化磁系统中永磁体工作点的控制方法。本项目属于电气工程与材料学科交叉的应用基础研究，其研究成果对调整磁场与复杂软磁环境耦合作用下磁性材料微观结构特性及永磁体性能的研究具有理论意义，并对含非线性永磁体的极化电磁器件可靠性设计具有实用价值。

含有非线性永磁体的极化磁系统，其保持力等电磁外特性，极易由于调整磁场所带来的邻近软磁材料、气隙等复杂因素的影响，从而使得电磁系统的特性调整困难，可靠性受到影响。本项目针对以上问题，首先研究了典型永磁体单体（扇形、条形）非线性永磁体分布参数计算模型，从微磁角度解析了磁性能的行成过程，研究了开路及软磁环境下，非线性永磁体工作点的变化规律；分析了永磁材料与软磁材料局部磁矩间的相互作用，建立了一个能够反映永磁体磁性能不均匀分布、局部工作点迁移、极化磁系统动态特性变化的机-电-磁耦合数学模型，结合磁滞模型建立了完整的微磁-工作点计算模型，并通过实际磁系统计算，验证了该模型的计算有效性；开发了永磁工作点分析实验系统，最终实现了微观角度解析极化磁系统中非线性永磁体工作点的迁移规律与变化机理，并研究了基于该微磁工作点计算模型的极化磁系统优化设计方法。.项目的研究成果对复杂软磁环境下磁性材料微观结构变化以及以工作点为主要标识的永磁体性能的研究具有理论意义，并对含非线性永磁体的极化电磁器件，尤其是航天电磁继电器的可靠性优化设计具有实用价值。