面向热防护服的蜂窝夹芯复合结构关键技术及防护机理研究

Bulky, hot and moisture are the common problems in multi-layer thermal protective clothing, which can easily lead to serious physiological load of the human body, even endanger life, which limit its application in many fields. In order to improve the protective and comfortable performance of thermal protective clothing, this project intends to develop the honeycomb-sandwich composite materials, reveal the control mechanism of the core structure parameters on heat transfer. Recently, some honeycomb-sandwich structure materials, with the features of lightweight, have been developed preliminarily, which can meet the standards of woven thermal protective performance. However, it is necessary to make a further study on its total thermal protective performance and thermal-moisture comfort for thermal protective clothing. In this project, laser cutting machine will be employed to further study on the layered technology of honeycomb-sandwich structure, and master the quilting methods for combining surface layer with sandwich layer. Base on flame manikin, thermal manikin, TPP, RPP and so on, the thermal protective performance of 2D and 3D structure for honeycomb-sandwich composite materials will be analyzed, try to explore the relations among TPP value, RPP value, skin burn area, the total heat loss and the parameters, such as the side length of hole, the thickness of core, the height of core, hole inclination and so on, explore the influence law of honeycomb-sandwich structure on thermal protective performance and heat-moisture transfer performance. Furthermore, the prediction model of honeycomb-sandwich structure for thermal protective performance will be established, which can meet the application requirements in the field of functional protection.

多层热防护服普遍存在笨重、闷热等问题，极易导致人体严重生理负荷而危及生命，限制了其在众多领域的应用。本项目拟通过制备热防护服蜂窝夹芯复合结构，揭示其窝芯结构参数对热量传递的控制机理，综合提升热防护服的防护性能和舒适性能。近期申请者研制了初步的蜂窝夹芯复合结构，质轻且能满足热防护性能标准要求，而其服装整体热防护性能及热湿传递性能尚需继续研究。本项目中，申请者将进一步展开蜂窝夹芯结构的分层激光成型工艺研究，掌握蜂窝结构面芯结合的逐层绗缝制备方法；并依托燃烧假人、暖体假人、TPP、RPP等技术全面表征蜂窝夹芯结构的二维与三维防护性能，阐明其孔形边长、壁厚、芯厚、孔洞斜度等参数与TPP值、RPP值、皮肤烧伤面积、总散热量之间的关系，揭示蜂窝夹芯结构对热防护性能和热湿传递性能的影响规律，建立蜂窝夹芯复合结构的防护性能预测模型，满足其在众多功能防护领域的应用需求。

本项目通过对热防护服蜂窝夹芯结构制备及其热防护与热湿舒适性能测评和预测模型构建，有效地改善了热防护服普遍存在笨重、闷热等问题，综合提升了高温热暴露条件下服装的热防护与热湿舒适性能。项目的实施掌握了热防护服用蜂窝夹芯结构的成型工艺和制备技术，分层激光切割预制再缝合成型的方法实现了三维立体孔型蜂窝夹芯结构的制备。通过对蜂窝夹芯结构的热阻、湿阻和总体热散失等指标的测评研究，阐明了蜂窝夹芯结构孔形边长、壁厚、芯厚等参数与热阻、湿阻、总体散热量之间的关系。针对闪火燃烧和辐射热暴露条件下蜂窝夹芯结构的TPP值、RPP值、二级烧伤时间等测评指标，明确了蜂窝夹芯结构对其热防护性能影响规律。研究结果表明：热防护服蜂窝夹芯结构的热湿舒适性能、对流热防护性能、辐射热防护性能、热蓄积防护性能等均优于同等条件下的传统热防护服装；克重相同条件下，热防护和热湿舒适性能随着芯厚的增加呈先增加后减小的趋势，即蜂窝夹芯热防护服存在最优化孔型结构。此外，通过构建蜂窝夹芯孔型结构的有限元传热模型及其优化分析计算，明确了材料性能、结构尺寸以及附加载荷等参数对热传递过程的变化规律，阐明了热防护蜂窝夹芯结构参数对热量传递的控制机理，并获取了最优化蜂窝夹芯结构，满足了高性能防护服装研发和产业化应用需求。