重载智能轮胎胎/路信息感知及自调谐俘能机理研究

Special-duty vehicles, such as strategic missile launchers, are moving towards for informatization and intelligence; moreover the comprehensive understanding of the interaction information of the tire-road can improve the safety and intelligent level of the vehicles.The positive tire isn’t equipped with the perception function for the interaction between the tire and the road; besides the indirect estimation for the tire-road interaction utilizing the vehicle sensors can’t satisfy the estimation precision under the extreme and combined conditions, such as large steering angle and large slip. The real-time perception for the interaction between the tire and road is needed; moreover the energy harvesting technology should be researched to satisfy the modularization design of the intelligent tire..The interaction perception of tire-road is focused on; besides the piezoelectric sensor array type in-tire network is constructed; moreover tire deformation is reconstructed with the sensor data. In-tire sense technology is integrated with the analytical method and the correlation model between tire deformation and tire/road state is established to achieve the real-time perception based on the tire deformation. A nonlinear self-tuned energy harvesting method based on active control of piezoelectric fiber is proposed to meet the demand of the in-tire sensing system without power supply. The energy harvester can adaptively track the change of tire resonance frequency caused by factors such as load, driving speed and road grade, and achieve high efficiency. Broadband energy harvesting lays the theoretical foundation for advancing intelligent tire technology, integrating with the active chassis safety control system and improving the intelligence level of the weapon system.

战略导弹发射车等特种车辆正朝着信息化和智能化方向发展，而轮胎作为关键承载部件，全面了解胎/路状态可有效提升车辆主动安全及智能水平。现有轮胎仅为被动元件，无法直接感知胎/路状态，且基于车辆传感器的胎/路状态间接估计方法无法满足大转角、大滑移等极端、复合工况下的估计精度要求，因此亟需开展实时感知胎/路状态的智能轮胎研究，为实现其模块化，需研究其自供电技术。.围绕胎/路状态感知问题，构建压电传感器阵列式胎内测试网络，重构轮胎变形数据，集成胎内传感技术与解析方法，建立轮胎变形与胎/路状态的关联性模型，实现基于实时变形重构的胎/路动态信息感知；同时，为满足系统无源自供电需求，提出基于压电纤维主动控制的非线性自调谐俘能方法，可自适应跟踪载荷、行驶速度和路面等级等因素引起的轮胎共振频率变化，实现高效、宽频俘能，为推进智能轮胎技术、与底盘主动安全控制系统集成和提升武器系统的智能化水平奠定理论基础。

重载轮胎作为特种车辆的关键承载与唯一接地部件，轮胎与路面间力学特性直接影响特种车辆的机动安全性，全面了解胎/路状态可有效提升车辆主动安全及智能水平。现有轮胎仅为被动元件，无法直接感知胎/路状态，且采用基于车辆传感器的胎/路状态间接估计方法在大转角、大滑移等极端、复合工况下存在估计精度差，需采用复杂算法补偿修正。特种车辆的主动安全机动和智能控制需求催生了集成了传感与信号调理技术、特征提取与多传感器融合技术、实时通讯技术和高效俘能技术等技术于一体的智能轮胎，其核心在于胎-路作用力感知，其模块化的关键在于俘能。本项目围绕“胎路接触信息感知”和“自调谐俘能”两方面的研究，取得了如下研究进展：.（1）围绕胎/路状态感知问题，项目建立了考虑结构和材料特性的轮胎精细化轮胎模型及动力学解析模型，构建了压电传感器阵列式胎内测试网络，基于监测变形数据重构了轮胎滚动变形特征；集成胎内传感技术与解析方法，建立了轮胎变形与胎/路状态的关联性模型；开展了基于变形分析的轮胎滚动实验，实现了基于实时变形重构的胎/路动态信息感知。.（2）围绕自调谐高效俘能问题，设计了电磁和压电双俘能结构，研究了面向路面激励的非线性自调谐俘能方法，实时识别路面激励共振频率，通过纤维主动控制，实现对俘能结构的刚度自调谐，搭建了轮胎滚动硬件在环试验系统，实现了高效、宽频俘能。.项目的研究成果可为推进智能轮胎技术、与底盘主动安全控制系统集成和提升武器系统的智能化水平奠定理论基础。.课题发表（录用）学术论文20篇，其中SCI论文5篇，EI论文15篇，专利28项（其中授权7项），培养博士研究生3名（毕业1名，在读2名），培养硕士研究生7名（毕业研究生6名，在读1名）。