大规模水下移动传感器网络拓扑动态性及拓扑优化研究

Wireless mobile sensor network (WMSN) are becoming more and more important in ocean environment monitoring, resource discovery and ocean rights protection. Currently, WMSNs appear the features of large scale, mobility and sparseness with dynamical topology, which bring big challenge for topology control and optimization. This project focuses on studying the dynamic topology properties of underwater mobile sensor networks. The scale characteristics, spatial-temporal feature, and nonlinear behavior of node mobility will be analyzed by using ocean fluid dynamics and statistics theory. From the point of view of complex network theory and network optimization, dynamic topology properties of underwater mobile sensor network are studied. Then, we present an analytical model to investigate the connectivity properties of underwater mobile sensor networks in the presence of acoustic channel attenuation, node movement and node failure using percolation model. The invulnerability of underwater mobile sensor network based on dynamic topology properties and connectivity is analyzed. We also provide a new optimization model based on the theory centrality of complex networks and entropy theory. All the models and methods are validated by mathematics analysis and simulation. The results of this project can provide important theoretical basis and method for the rational design and optimization of protocols in underwater mobile sensor network.

海洋环境监测、开发和权益维护对水下通信及传感器网络提出了重大需求。当前水下传感器网络呈大规模化、移动化、稀疏化发展态势，网络拓扑动态多变，给网络控制及优化带来极大挑战。本课题针对该网络移动多样性、间歇连通性等特点研究网络拓扑动态性及拓扑优化问题。基于流体动力学与统计理论系统研究节点移动规律，判定节点移动的异构性、多尺度性、时空特性及非线性动力学特性，建立符合水下传感器网络节点移动的数学模型；分析大规模水下传感器网络拓扑结构的复杂统计特性，提出基于含时动态复杂网络理论的拓扑动态演化模型；研究网络连通特性，借助渗流理论，提出网络连通性关键临界状态转移时间分析方法；研究节点移动和失效时网络拓扑抗毁性问题，建立网络拓扑抗毁测度模型，设计相应的拓扑愈合及优化算法，提高网络可靠性；对所提出的模型及方法进行严格的理论分析与仿真验证。本课题的完成可为设计和优化水下传感器网络提供重要的理论基础与方法支撑。

21世纪是“海洋世纪”，海洋将是我国乃至全球在新世纪极其重要的发展战略空间，海洋科学将成为国家发展强大的重要因素，高速可靠的海洋网络系统必将在迅速发展的海洋经济、海洋生活、海洋军事等领域发挥更大的作用。水下传感器网络呈大规模化、移动化、稀疏化发展态势，网络拓扑动态多变，给网络控制及优化带来极大挑战。课题研究了网络节点移动多样性、间歇连通性等特点，提出了基于卡尔曼滤波的预测理论及基于极值理论的建模方法；研究了网络拓扑动态性及拓扑优化问题，提出了基于中继节点及流量联合分配的网络部署优化方法；研究了水下三维空间中节点的移动规律，提出了基于刚性图理论及分层理论的网络拓扑优化控制方法；研究了水下传感器网络能量消耗不均衡的问题，提出了非均匀分布的水下传感器节点移动模型；对网络拓扑的动态演化特性进行了研究，在一定程度上解决了网络连通性及网络生存周期短的问题，提高了网络可靠性；对所提出的模型及方法进行了严格的理论分析与仿真验证。课题的完成为设计和优化水下传感器网络拓扑结构及设计相应的路由协议、数据传输协议等提供了重要的理论指导与方法基础。