微生物原位制作石墨烯修饰电极提升MFC产电的性能与机制

In order to overcome the technical bottlenecks of using graphene for improving electricity generation performance of the microbial fuel cell (MFC) including of unable to direct modify electrode because of hydrophobic property of grapheme, contradiction between enhancing electricity generation and biotoxicity using grapheme and insufficient knowledge related to the operation performances of the MFC using grapheme modified electrodes (anode and biocathode), a graphene modified electrode based on microbial reduction of graphene oxide on the surface of the glass carbon electrode was prepared in the anode chamber of the MFC and the prepared electrode was also used as biocathode through polarity reversion, and thus a whole-cell MFC using dual graphene modified electrode was constructed. Electrochemical and microbiological methods were used to discover the key factors affecting microbial reduction of graphene oxide in the anode chamber, electrons competition between anode and graphene oxide, interaction effects and regulation mechanisms of electrochemitry and microbiology related to the toxicity of formed grapheme to anodic and cathodic microbes during reduction of graphene oxide in terms of bioflim update, substrate metabolisms, electron transfer, coulombic efficiency and microbial reduction of oxygen in the biocathode. Finally, the electricity generation characteristics, key factors and stability of the whole-cell MFC using dual graphene modified electrode were investigated and the strategy for performance regulation of the MFC would be proposed. The study could provide a scientific basis for practical application of the MFC using microbial reduction of graphene oxide modified electrode.

针对疏水性石墨烯不能直接修饰电极技术障碍，以及对石墨烯电极提升MFC产电与对微生物毒性矛盾共存交互作用、石墨烯电极（阳极和生物阴极）MFC性能系统认识的缺失，采用MFC阳极微生物原位还原氧化石墨烯制作石墨烯修饰电极，和反转电极操作制备石墨烯生物阴极，构建石墨烯电极MFC。采用电化学和微生物学方法，探讨MFC阳极还原氧化石墨烯的关键影响因素，揭示MFC石墨烯阳极形成和运行过程关于氧化石墨烯还原与产电竞争电子、生成石墨烯电极沉积对微生物毒性与微生物覆膜更新、代谢与库伦效率之间的电化学和微生物学交互作用和调控机制；及MFC石墨烯生物阴极对阴极微生物的毒性、代谢与电子传递、催化氧还原反应的联动和调控机制。探索双石墨烯电极MFC的产电稳定性和关键影响因素，提出基于电生物化学的石墨烯电极MFC性能优化调控策略。为石墨烯电极MFC的应用提供技术支撑和理论依据，推动碳纳米材料修饰电极MFC的发展。

微生物原位制作石墨烯修饰电极提升MFC产电的性能与机制，本项目通过微生物原位还原氧化石墨烯制得石墨烯修饰生物阳极微生物燃料电池（MFC），反转电极形成石墨烯修饰生物阴极MFC，提出“三步法”原位制得双石墨烯修饰生物电极MFC，对石墨烯修饰阳极MFC抗菌性及生物膜特性进行探究，并阐明了微生物原位制备石墨烯修饰生物阳极MFC，反转电极形成的阴极MFC，双石墨烯修饰生物电极MFC的电化学特性与微生物学信息、电子传递机制的关系，为石墨烯环境友好的修饰生物电极MFC提供了基础。本项目在完成既定内容的同时，增加了原位双石墨烯修饰生物电极MFC对土霉素电化学降解性能、微生态演化及降解机理探究；增加了水热法制备Cu-bipy-BTC衍生碳基材料修饰阴极MFC，提高了阴极催化性能，进而提升MFC产电性能；增加了电沉积法在电极表面固定电子介体（核黄素和腐殖酸），探明了负载不同电镀量电子介体修饰阳极MFC对偶氮染料的脱色与产电原理，并进一步探明了无膜生物阴极MEC对偶氮染料脱色效果与脱色机理。本项目资助发表SCI论文16篇，其中1区Top 9篇，2区Top 3篇，中文核心3篇。本项目培养博士研究生2名，硕士研究生3名，5名研究生均已毕业且取得学位证。项目投入经费90万元，支出 59.61万元，各项支出基本与预算相符，剩余经费30.39万元，剩余经费计划用于本项目研究后续支出。