外力干预下绿色供应链网络多维均衡决策研究

Supply chain is not only the core strategy for enterprises, but also has been attracting high attention worldwide and becoming the national strategy, which has profound impact on the economy-environment-social development. This project deeply analyses the green supply chain network under exogenous-force intervention, excavates the key elements in the operations of the member enterprises and the interventions of the exogenous forces, clarifies the internal relations among the elements, and researches the eigen structure of the system from a multi-dimensional equilibrium perspective. After considering the hybrid uncertainty, multi-participants, multi-objectives, multi-periods and the competition-coupling based interactive relationship, this project explores the green supply chain network multi-dimensional equilibrium mechanism based on two endogenous paths (green investment and closed loop operation) and the two exogenous forces (consumer and government). A series of exogenous-force intervention based hybrid uncertain green supply chain network multi-dimensional equilibrium decision making models and algorithms are designed, and classical case studies are conducted to show the efficiency and applicability of the proposed approach. On one hand, this project can help optimize the enterprise operation strategy and government regulatory policy; on the other hand, it has the ability of providing valuable targeted economic interpretations and management implications for the purpose of realizing green supply chain network.

供应链已不仅是企业的核心战略，更被世界多国高度重视并成为国家战略，深刻影响着经济-环境-社会发展。本项目对外力干预下的绿色供应链网络系统进行深度剖析，挖掘绿色供应链网络各内部成员企业运营和各外部力量干预的关键要素，厘清要素之间的内在联系，从多维均衡的视角研究系统本征结构。在充分考虑混合不确定环境、内外部多方参与主体的多目标诉求、各层级之间的竞争-耦合互动交融关系以及决策跨期影响的基础上，探索基于绿色投资与闭环两种内部运营途径以及消费者行为和政府政策两类外力干预的绿色供应链网络多维均衡机理，设计一系列外力干预下混合不确定型绿色供应链网络多维均衡决策模型和算法，并依据典型案例研究验证其有效性与实用性。不仅为成员企业运营策略和政府调控政策的制定与优化提供科学依据，而且为我国供应链网络实现绿色化提供有价值的多角度经济解释与管理启示。

本项目对绿色供应链网络系统进行深度剖析，将其刻画为由多制造商、多销售商、多回收商等组成的多层级网络，具有同层竞争、跨层耦合的关系。重点基于碳补贴、回收补贴、再制造补贴、碳税、碳关税等外力干预因素、绿色投资和再制造闭环等运营模式、以及消费者绿色偏好，构建了一系列绿色供应链网络多维均衡决策模型，并设计了求解算法，探讨了制造商层的生产、定价和外包决策，以及零售商层和回收商层的回收和销售定价，分析了政府外力干预对供应链的经济效益和环境效益带来的影响。主要结论包括：由于市场细分和补贴转移，单补贴存在直接和间接的多重作用；由于消费者偏好不同，多补贴共存在某些条件下可能带来叠加正向影响，但是也会产生相冲突的不利影响；为提高社会福利，应当对清洁型和污染型制造商采取不同的引导手段；高碳管制国家的碳关税对其社会福利的影响不单调，不同级别的碳关税会使得低碳管制国家反制政策不尽相同等。该项目突破了单链或线性链的博弈与决策，克服了单一政策干预的局限，考虑了消费市场细分，在研究视角和研究方法等方面，对现有的绿色供应链决策领域进行了一定的补充和完善。