基于虚拟现实技术的村庄协同规划方法研究

High space-time costs have caused a lack of public participation in rural planning, which has also become one of important causes that will not only has a negative impact on implementation of rural planning, but also become a key factor to restricting rural revitalization. This project aims to “improve the degree of public participation in village planning and enhance the degree of rural planning implementation simultaneously”. Firstly, a collaborative planning method based on virtual reality technology has been worked out. This method is able to help to realize the intent that different participants can communicate in different time and space, which could reduce the time-space costs of public participation in rural planning. Secondly, a depth research on “behavioral characteristics”, “synergy mechanism of multi-agent participation”, “technical processes of collaborative planning” in rural planning has been carried out which develop the relevant theories and methods of public participation in rural planning obviously. Moreover, the operability of the multi-agent collaborative planning method and technical process based on the village collaborative planning information technology platform has also been demonstrated through experiments and practice. Finally, a rural planning implementation effect evaluation system has been worked out to comprehensively evaluate the implementation effect of village collaborative planning. This study will promote the cross-integration of virtual reality technology and urban and rural planning disciplines. Furthermore, it can also enrich the theory and methods of public participation in urban and rural planning，providing a strong technical guarantee for accelerating rural revitalization.

高时空成本影响下公众参与不足导致的村庄规划落地难问题，已经成为制约乡村振兴的关键因素。本项目以“提高公众参与村庄规划程度，增强村庄规划落地性”为目标进行研究。首先，深入研究了降低公众参与村庄规划时空成本的方法，提出借助虚拟现实技术，构建村庄协同规划信息技术平台，使得不同参与主体在虚拟现实的场景中进行跨时空沟通。其次，在此基础上进一步发展村庄规划公众参与的相关理论和方法，对多元主体参与村庄规划的行为特征、协同方法等进行深入研究，提出协同规划的技术流程，通过实验和实践两个方式论证基于村庄协同规划信息技术平台的多元主体协同规划方法的可操作性。最后，通过构建乡村规划实施效果评价体系，对村庄协同规划的实施效果进行综合评价，进一步验证该方法的有效性。本研究将促进虚拟现实技术与城乡规划学科的交叉融合，进一步丰富城乡规划公众参与的理论与方法，并为加快实现乡村振兴提供有力的技术支撑。

高时空成本影响下公众参与不足导致的村庄规划落地难问题，已经成为制约乡村振兴的关键因素。在数字乡村建设的背景下，本项目以“提高公众参与村庄规划程度，增强村庄规划落地性”为目标进行研究。首先，深入研究了降低公众参与村庄规划时空成本的方法，提出借助虚拟现实技术、远程通讯技术等现代化数字技术，构建村庄协同规划信息技术平台，使得不同参与主体在虚拟现实的场景中进行跨时空沟通。其次，在此基础上进一步发展村庄规划公众参与的相关理论和方法，对多元主体参与村庄规划的行为特征、协同方法等进行深入研究，提出协同规划的技术流程。最后，通过实验和实践两个方式论证基于村庄协同规划信息技术平台的多元主体协同规划方法的可操作性。.基础理论研究方面，通过调查、访谈、实验等方式研究了公众协作参与村庄规划的现状水平评价和核心困境。研究发现：公众具有协作参与村庄规划的意愿，但受当前参与路径少、参与时空成本高以及村民专业知识储备不足等因素影响，导致规划协作水平整体较低。技术方法方面，通过虚拟现实技术、三维倾斜摄影技术、远程交互式方案共审技术的优化与应用，研究设计了基于数字技术的村庄协作规划信息技术平台。该平台由辅助调研、方案意见征集、远程共审、专家决策咨询、规划实施监督五大功能模块构成。并基于该技术平台结合村庄规划编制导则和管理要求，研究了公众协作参与村庄规划的技术流程。实验和实践应用方面，以龙泉市岭根村村庄公共空间规划设计为例开展了协作式规划实验论证了该协作规划方法的可行性，走通了基本流程，并以龙游县官村村庭院设计、贵州省岑巩县村庄公共空间节点设计展开了实践应用。研究认为，利用数字技术有利于降低规划的时空成本，并增强对规划全过程的信息化管控，还可以推进村庄规划由静态规划和刚性管控走向陪伴式动态的空间治理。但当前这一技术方法在完整村庄规划实践中的应用仍存在较大阻碍，需要通过规划管理体制的创新提供制度支撑。