超细颗粒和可压缩固体填充床中的电渗输送流体过程研究

Liquid transport by electrosmosis in packed bed of porous fine and/or compressible particles, as proposed by present project, was investigated by using electrochromatography on hydroxyapatite, sludge dewatering, yeast broth dewatering and electroremediation of soil as model system, respectively. Effects of electric field, pH and conductivity of aqueous phase and solid surface electrochemical property characterized by zeta potential on the magnitude of electrosmosis and the performance of separation process were examined, respectively. Based on these a new apparatus of preparative electrochromatography on hydroxyapatite and a sludge dewatering apparatus operated in horizontal electric field were developed, which was subjected to patent application. It is shown by present study that the occurrence of electrosmosis can significantly enhance interparticle and intraparticle liquid transport. Moreover, the magnitude of electrosmosis flux is determined mainly by zeta potential of solid-liquid interface. The universal existence of electrical double layer at solid-liquid interface indicates the high potential of electrosmosis in process intensification, notably those in solid-liquid system and with fine particles as catalyst or adsorbent, and apparatus minimization as well..

提出采用电渗进行超细或可压缩性固体填充床中的流体输送，以超细颗粒制备色谱分离及活性污泥过滤为例，通过实验考察超细颗粒和活性污泥填充床的电渗流动特性及其与颗粒特性及床层结构的关系；研究电渗流动对传质过程的影响；探讨电渗应用中的工艺与设备问题，为发展基于电渗进行流体输送的新型固—液反应与分离技术提供理论和实验依据。.