基于多样化用户需求的动态频谱分配机制研究

Cognitive Radio has been regarded as an effective approach to solve the problem of inefficient spectrum utilization in the current wireless networks. However, few existing spectrum allocation mechanisms take into consideration the varied demands of cognitive users. This project focuses on resolving several practical issues that emerge during the process of employing CR technology in practical application. In this project we design dynamic spectrum allocation mechanisms to achieve the following results:.1) Based on game theory and auction theory, we design a spectrum auction mechanism with time-frequency flexibility to satisfy the varied demands of cognitive users;.2) We design a spectrum auction mechanism that ensures truthfulness both from the perspectives of spectrum owners and cognitive users to achieve fair spectrum trading in CR networks;.3) We design an insurance theory based spectrum trading mechanism taking into account the time-varying nature of wireless channels to improve the utilities of both the primary spectrum owners and the cognitive users..The achievements of our research will be of great importance for practical applications of Cognitive Radio technology.

认知无线电技术是解决无线网络频谱利用率低下的有效途径。现存的频谱分配机制较少考虑用户的多样化需求，阻碍了认知无线电技术的实际应用。针对以上问题，本项目拟实现以下目标：.1）提出时频双维自由度的频谱拍卖机制，基于博弈和拍卖理论，满足用户所承载的业务在时延和服务质量上的特殊要求；.2） 设计基于拍卖理论的双方互信频谱交易机制，激励主用户和认知用户反应出真实的需求，实现资源的公平交易；.3）提出基于保险和契约理论的动态频谱分配机制，考虑信道质量对频谱分配的影响，结合信道的实时变化特性，提高主用户和认知用户双方的收益。.本项目的研究成果将为认知无线电技术在实际网络环境中的应用提供参考。

为解决无线网络频谱资源利用率低下的问题，认知无线电技术使得次用户可以机会性接入主用户的授权频段，提高网络的频谱利用效率。当前的频谱分配机制鲜有考虑用户的多样化需求，并且欠缺认知无线电网络的性能分析，阻碍了认知无线电技术的实际应用。针对已有的问题，结合认知无线电的实用特性，本项目完成了以下目标：.1）基于契约、博弈以及拍卖理论，分析用户的时频需求，设计了频谱共享和分配机制；.2）考虑分配过程中的买卖双方信任问题，从拍卖理论出发，建立互信机制，在满足主用户和次用户的需求情况下，保证了资源交易的公平性和真实性； .3）考虑信道随时间变化特性，提出了基于契约理论的动态频谱感测与分配机制，满足多样化的用户需求，提高主用户和次用户双方效用； .4）结合实际网络拓扑，用户移动性以及数据分发的单播、多播特性，分析认知无线电网络的容量、吞吐量与时延特性，验证频谱共享网络的有效性与可靠性。.本项目的研究成果给认知无线电技术在实际场景的应用提供了理论指导。