交换运动下侧流道泵涡态演变及非定常动力特性研究

The side channel pump is a radial vane pump that falls between positive displacement pumps and centrifugal pumps. It is usually used in the situation where other vane pumps cannot meet the application requirements because of its small size, compact structure, and super low specific speed. The side channel pump however has a very complicated internal flow pattern, with its theory of vortex evolution still under the initial stages. Additionally, the unsteady flow mechanism induced by vortex evolution has not been revealed yet. This project will seek to employ the systematic use of theoretical analysis, numerical investigations and experimental studies to explore vortex evolution and unsteady flow dynamic characteristics in the side channel pump under exchanged movement. Firstly, the strong shear turbulence in the side channel pump will be calculated accurately by using LES method based on the Lagrange dynamic modified model. Secondly, the momentum exchange regulation between impeller and side channel will be built, which can be used for studying the energy transfer in the vortex evolution process. Furthermore, the frequency spectrum of the internal pressure fluctuation will be analyzed to reveal its principle and effects caused by the complex vortex evolution. The study is therefore expected to establish a scientific knowledge for the internal unsteady flow mechanism in the side channel pump, thereby ensuring a strong academic significance and engineering applications.

侧流道泵是一种介于容积式泵和离心泵之间的径向式叶片泵，具有结构紧凑，尺寸小，比转速超低等特点，常用于其它叶片式泵无法满足的场合。由于侧流道泵工作原理特殊，内部交换运动过程十分复杂，不同类别旋涡演变相关理论尚不完善，因旋涡演变诱导的非定常流动机理相关问题仍未解决。本项目将采用理论分析、数值计算和实验测试的方法系统深入地研究交换运动下侧流道泵内部涡态演变及非定常动力特性，首先采用拉格朗日动力模式修正下的LES方法，对侧流道泵内部强剪切湍流进行精确数值计算；其次建立叶轮和侧流道交界面附近的动量交换关系，研究涡系传播过程中的能量传递规律；最后，系统分析侧流道泵内部压力脉动频谱特征，获得侧流道泵压力脉动产生原理和复杂旋涡演变形式对压力脉动时频特性的影响机理。本项目的研究可为侧流道泵内部非定常流动机理提供科学认识，具有重要的学术意义和工程应用价值。

侧流道泵是一种广泛应用于石油化工、航空航天、汽车工业等领域的重要设备，主要在欧美发达国家研究和制造，国内鲜有自主研发的侧流道泵产品。本项目在理论分析层面，揭示了涡系演变和传播对侧流道泵水力性能的影响关系，明确了侧流道泵在交换运动由于旋涡演变所产生压力脉动时频特征；通过利用混合RANS-LES湍流模型对侧流道泵非定常湍流进行高精度数值计算，提出了侧流道泵多维度特征涡提取方法，实现了强剪切湍流中不同尺度旋涡结构瞬变特征的捕捉，从而掌握了侧流道泵内部涡态特征参数和能谱特性的变化规律，为性能更优、可靠性更高的侧流道泵模型的研制提供基础理论依据。在技术应用层面，提出了侧流道泵交换运动涡态演变下的性能评价方法，通过该方法优化侧流道泵关键几何参数，提高了侧流道泵单相和气液两相流动下的水力性能，相关成果已应用到德国某公司侧流道泵优化设计项目中。项目取得的主要学术成果：以第一作者或通信作者发表SCI收录论文11篇，EI收录3篇，2篇入选ESI高被引论文；授权中国发明专利4项；获中国石油和化学工业联合会科技进步奖二等1项（排名第1）。