秦巴山区乡村节能建筑更新与发展模式研究

It's a fundamental demand to improve the residential environment and quality in building the new socialist countryside, with the background of 2.4 million ecological immigrants project, the improvement and development of the model of rural buildings have been an urgent problem in facing the sustainable development of residential environment in the areas of Qinba mountain. As for the regional climate in the areas of Qinba mountain, by investigation, test, theory analysis, calculation, simulation and combined experiments, the project will mainly analyze the influential factors on the model of rural buildings and its architectural thermal environment in Qinba mountain, indicate the influences on indoor thermal environment of buildings engaged by the fundamental model of architecture and the thermophysical parameters of envelope as well as the construction model under the situation of heat-collecting in winter and heat proof in summer, meanwhile, the project will also establish multi-factors dynamic-coupled mathematical and physical model, and explore the mechanisms of indoor thermal passive transfer and deployment, therefore obtain passive thermal design principle and construction system for rural buildings, by construction, use and test of experimental buildings, the project will revise and renovate the model and principle of rural buildings in the areas of Qinba mountain. Moreover, the project will have significant meanings for explaining the inside mechanisms of renovation and development of rural buildings, and accordingly the project will provide theory basis for the sustainable development of rural buildings under the background of ecological immigrant project in the south of Shaanxi province.

改善和提高人居环境质量是我国社会主义新农村建设的一项基本要求。在陕南240万生态移民工程的背景下，乡村建筑模式的提升与发展已成为秦巴山区人居环境可持续发展所面临的紧迫问题。针对秦巴山区地域气候特点，本项目采用调研、测试、理论分析、计算模拟和实验研究相结合的方法，分析秦巴山区乡村建筑模式的影响因子以及建筑热环境状态，揭示冬季集热与夏季防热条件下建筑基本模式以及围护结构热物理参数、构造方式等对建筑室内热环境的影响规律，建立多因素动态耦合数学物理模型，探索室内热能的被动式输送与调配机理，得出乡村建筑被动式热工设计原理及构造体系，并且通过实验建筑的建设、使用与测试，修正和完善秦巴山区乡村节能建筑模式理论。本项目对阐明乡村建筑更新与发展的内在机理具有重要意义，为陕南生态移民工程背景下的乡村建筑可持续发展提供理论依据。

基于秦巴山区的地域气候特点，通过传统建筑技术与被动式技术相结合，提升和改善秦巴山区的人居环境质量，对于社会主义新农村建设和可持续发展具有重要意义。本研究通过调研、测试、理论分析、计算模拟和实验研究相结合的方法，对秦巴山区乡村建筑更新与发展模式进行了研究，并取得了以下成果：（1）完成了秦巴山区典型区域（汉中地区、安康地区有）的乡村建筑调研及室内外热环境测试，明确了各地区乡村建筑的空间布局特点与构造特征；（2）提炼了乡村建筑的模式的基本影响因子及其对室内热环境的影响规律；（3）得出了与秦巴山区地域气候条件相匹配的室内热环境设计指标；（4）解析了多因素动态热扰耦合作用下的围护结构传热机理，提出了与秦巴山区气候条件相契合的围护结构构造体系；（5）探寻了适合秦巴山区的乡村节能建筑模式。本研究将为秦巴山区乡村建筑的节能与室内热环境改善及优化设计奠定基础。