维生素E对鹅反季节繁殖卵泡中Dicer和CGLP表达的影响

Goose is a typical seasonal breeding bird, which lead to the unbalanced production, insufficient supply and demand as well as the large price fluctuations in the whole year. Several studies indicate that vitamin E (VE) plays an important role in maintaining reproductive health, yet limit information about the effect of VE on the regulation of egg-laying genes, reproductive organs and the follicular development are available in goose. Moreover, the associations among the expression of Dicer, candidate genes of laying performance (CGLP) and goose reproduction in counter-season production remain unknown. Our previous work realizes the goose breeding in counter-season production through forced molting, artificial illumination and temperature control. However, no study involved in the nutrition levels has been conducted to improve goose reproduction performance in counter-season production. Therefore, in order to solve those questions, we will study the effect of VE on the expression of Dicer and CGLP in different levels follicular both in vivo and in vitro. Those results will be helpful to reveal the potency of VE on the regulation of follicular in counter-season production and improve goose reproductive performance, as well as boost the reproductive capacity and meet the demand of goose in the whole year.

鹅的繁殖具有典型的季节特征，最终导致全年不均衡生产，使市场供需不足，价格波动较大。研究证实维生素E（VE）对家禽保持正常繁殖机能发挥重要作用，但其对产蛋基因和生殖器官的影响研究鲜见，缺少其对鹅卵泡发育调控机制的研究，更未见其对鹅反季节繁殖卵泡发育过程中细胞凋亡基因Dicer和产蛋性能候选基因（CGLP）等表达影响的相关研究。课题组前期通过人工控光控温并结合强制换羽等方式实现了种鹅的反季节繁殖，但营养调控等鹅反季节繁殖配套饲养技术的研究尚未开展。针对以上问题，本课题拟采用VE饲喂和卵泡颗粒细胞体外培养模型，研究VE对种鹅反季节繁殖不同阶段卵泡中Dicer和CGLP表达的调节作用。通过以上研究，以期全面系统的揭示VE对鹅反季节繁殖卵泡发育的调控作用，研究结果对提高种鹅繁殖力和全年均衡生产具有重要的理论和实际意义。

家鹅是一种典型的季节性繁殖禽类，其繁殖行为和生理状态随着季节更替发生显著的改变，主要表现为在休产期停止产蛋；相应的生理变化主要为卵巢体积萎缩、功能退化、激素水平变化等。这些变化直接导致了鹅在全年的不均衡产蛋。. 研究发现补充80mg/kg VE显著提高了兴国灰鹅血清中FSH、E2、LH的浓度，并且这些生殖激素浓度在低剂量（≤80mg/kg）下随VE水平的升高而升高，在高剂量（>80mg/kg）下随VE水平的升高而降低。20、40、80、160mg/kgVE添加组的LH、E2浓度显著高于对照组和10mg/kg组（P＜0.05），而FSH浓度在20mg/kg添加组中显著高于40、80、160mg/kg添加组（P＜0.05）。荧光定量PCR分析表明，日粮VE添加为80mg/kg时，FSHR、LHR和ESR1 mRNA表达显著增加，而PRLR添加为20mg/kg时，FSHR、LHR和ESR1 mRNA表达显著增加（P＜0.05）。进一步研究Dicer基因在卵巢、小白卵泡（SWF）、大白卵泡（LWF）和小黄卵泡（SYF）中的表达。结果发现，80mg/kg的VE添加可增加Dicer在SWF和LWF中的表达。添加320mg/kgVE，会降低Dicer基因在卵巢组织中的表达，但与其他处理组之间差异并不明显。此外，小白卵泡、大白卵泡和小黄卵泡中Dicer 基因mRNA的表达均在80mg/kgVE添加时达到最大值，揭示80mg/kgVE添加可能可以促进兴国灰鹅等级前卵泡的发育。总体而言，补充VE可改善卵巢组织生殖激素水平及生殖激素受体基因的mRNA表达，同时对Dicer基因在卵巢、SWF、LWF和SYF的mRNA表达也有影响，初步揭示了日粮中添加80mg/kg的VE可能对兴国灰鹅反季节繁殖是最为合适的。