全空间条件下磁共振探测局部含水构造关键技术研究

With the further depth of coal mining, mine flooding has become a major threat to miners. The complexity of the tunnel itself (The existence of iron bodies such as: rails, excavators, anchor nails, anchor network and other sources of interference). Those detection methods based on low-resistance anomalies are susceptible to different degrees of interferences by iron bodies, which may lead to difficulties in interpretation or multiple solutions. It is urgent to carry out research on high and new technology in coal mine warning area. This project aims to underground whole space research on the key technologies of MRS. The main contents include the error of measuring signal and the theory of signal under the condition of multi turn small antenna approximation technique, the scale of stochastic resonance method for weak signal extraction, three dimensional MRS signal, in order to realize the whole space inversion of mine water disaster. To carry out the project effective early warning of mine water disaster, extending the scope of application of MRS method, and it is important significance for promoting the progress of the scientific theory of magnetic resonance methods. The results can be widely used for other non coal mines, highway, railway tunnel and key projects of water disasters prediction and other fields.

随着煤矿开采深度的进一步增加，矿井透水已成为威胁矿工生命安全的主要因素。由于巷道本身的复杂性（存在铁质体如：导轨、采掘机、锚钉、锚网等干扰源），现有的基于低阻异常的探测方法均不同程度的受铁质体干扰而存在解释困难或多解难题，迫切需要开展煤矿透水预警领域的高新技术研究。本项目利用磁共振（Magnetic Resonance Sounding MRS）方法可以探测含水构造且不受铁质体干扰的特点，探索全空间条件下MRS探测含水构造关键技术研究。主要内容包括多匝小天线条件下测量信号与理论信号的误差逼近技术；基于尺度变换的随机共振弱信号提取方法；全空间MRS信号降维模型及其快速反演算法，以期实现对矿山灾害水体的立体反演。本项目的开展对有效预警矿井水灾害，扩展MRS方法的应用范围，促进磁共振方法的理论进步有较重要的科学意义，其成果可广泛应用其他非煤矿山、公路、铁路隧道及重点工程水灾害超前预报等领域。

本项目运用磁共振信号的电磁场理论、现代弱信号处理技术、人工智能及系统工程理论与方法，实现了煤矿透水灾害探测关键技术创新与系统集成，形成了磁共振装备制造技术。主要科技创新点如下：.1．采用先进的快时间和慢时间数字信号处理技术，设计了磁共振信号的全频段自适应检测算法。.2．建立了我国数百个煤矿地质资料数据库，提出了磁共振信号自适应时频分析的经验模式分解方法以及信号特征反折延拓的HHT 方法来抑制复杂地质条件下超低频遥感曲线的虚假信号、虚假频率，设计了磁共振信号降噪算法及数据融合智能化反演资料解译算法，实现了不同地质条件下深层水体特征信息的稳健提取，有效解决了复杂地质条件下资料解译的多解性难题。.3．提出了磁共振信号一次场动态剔除方法，能全程采样并动态跟踪、自适应地剔除一次场对二次场的影响，使近场探测盲区降低了3 倍；设计了回能钳式电路改善了磁共振系统关断效应，有效降低了发射系统热损耗，能量利用率提高了2 倍。实现了近场水害探测、提高了系统稳定性。