基于纠缠态的无线量子通信网络组网与路由问题研究

Wireless quantum communication network is one of the important ways to realize secure quantum information transmission, and also an important part of future network, the research of which is still in its infancy so far. Considering that reliable and effective networking and routing protocol are the premises of network operation, in this project, we plan to conduct research on networking and routing for entanglement-based wireless quantum communication network, explore the systematic network transmission scheme. Firstly, by analyzing the characteristics of channel and transmission in this network, a universal network model is established and the relationships between the elements are represented precisely and concisely in mathematical way. Then, utilizing the percolation model, the generation and distribution rate of entangled particles are analyzed to establish the transmission model of entangled particles in network and the nodes distribution is optimized to construct reliable and stable wireless quantum communication network. Finally, based on the multi-objective optimization method, a routing protocol is proposed to adapt the network characteristics of wireless quantum communication networks, such as dual channel and complex topology, to realize the efficient transmission of quantum information in the network. This project is expected to obtain relatively complete scheme of networking and routing, and do theory explorations and necessary technique reserves for the future construction of large-scale wireless quantum communication network. With the help of fund, more than 8 high level academic papers are expected to be published including more than 6 SCI papers, and more than 3 patents are expected to be applied for.

无线量子通信网络是实现安全量子信息传输的重要途径之一，是未来网络重要组成部分，目前研究尚处于起步阶段。可靠有效的组网与路由协议是网络能运行的前提，本项目拟开展对基于纠缠态无线量子通信网络组网和路由相关问题的研究，探索系统组网传输方案。首先将根据网络信道和传输特征，构建普适性无线量子通信网络模型，并对各元素间关系进行精确且简洁的数学表述。其次利用逾渗模型分析纠缠粒子对产生和分发速率以建立纠缠粒子对在网络中传输的模型，并最优化节点分布以构建可靠稳定的无线量子通信网络。最后结合量子传输方案运用多目标优化方法，提出适应无线量子通信网络多信道并存拓扑复杂等网络特征的路由协议，实现网络中量子信息的高效传输。本项目预期获得较为完整组网和路由方案，为将来构建大规模无线量子通信网络进行必要的理论探索和技术储备。预计发表高水平学术论文8篇以上，其中SCI检索论文6篇以上，申请发明专利3项以上。

作为未来网络重要组成部分，无线量子通信网络是实现安全量子信息传输的重要途径。本项目研究基于纠缠态的无线量子通信网络组网和路由相关问题，从基于纠缠态的无线量子通信网络模型研究，有效量子传输网络构建以及量子通信网络路由协议设计三个方面开展研究工作。项目研究组根据网络信道和传输特征，针对无线蜂窝结构量子通信网络和无线量子Mesh网络特点，对各要素进行划分和特征描述，抽象出相应的量子通信网络模型，为后续研究工作奠定基础。基于逾渗模型对整个网络特性进行分析，计算纠缠粒子对产生和分发速率，提出分段量子信道建立方法提升信道建立效率。利用有限的纠缠粒子对分发节点优化网络的量子连通性，建立纠缠粒子对分发节点部署问题的数学模型，提出基于节点位置的优化算法和基于遗传算法的改进优化算法来解决纠该数学问题，能够大幅提升量子通信网络节点间的连通度。针对复杂的量子信道情况，提出运用不同纠缠粒子组合的多种量子态传输方案，引入辅助粒子增加传输成功率，减少开销，提升量子信息传输品质，构建高连通，高品质，高效的量子传输网络。依据无线量子通信网络存在双信道，拓扑复杂变化快等特点，以量子路径最小跳数为基本路由度量值，综合考虑节点剩余粒子对数量等其他因素，设计了无线量子通信网络路由协议。本项目在无线量子通信网络组网、信息传输与信息路由方面进行了必要的理论探索和技术储备，取得一定成果，共发表高水平学术论文9篇，其中SCI检索论文8篇，国际会议论文1篇（EI检索），申请发明专利3项，完成预定研究目标。虽然无线量子通信网络的研究目前仍处于基础理论研究阶段，缺乏实验验证环境，但是本项目产生的相关成果可以应用在传统通信系统、量子隐形传态、无线量子网络分析等其他领域，发挥作用产生效益。