飞机的雷电间接效应仿真与测试研究

In our research, we mainly employ the EM topology and the hybrid technique of FDTD/MRTD, which can improve the numerical accuracy and the efficiency, to simulate the lightning indirect effects on the aircraft. By modeling the typical aircraft with composite materials and making some experiments, we try to find out how the structure and material of the aircraft can influence the fuselage surface current's paths and distribution. We also give a quantitative analysis to the LEMP field distribution inside and outside the aircraft stroked by lightning. The magnitude and the characters of the induced current and voltage in the onboard wires and cables are discussed as well. We are going to propose the experimental methods to detect the lightning indirect effects of the aircraft and develop the related measurement systems.. By building a numerical model to simulate the lightning indirect effects, we will compare the results with those obtained by experiments, and point out the influence of the structure and material on the performance of the aircraft against lightning. Finally, we expect to propose the lightning protection techniques for the aircraft, which can be a reference to the development the lightning protection for the aircraft.

本课题主要研究基于电磁拓扑理论、时域有限差分与时域多分辨率分析相结合的分析方法，进行飞机雷电间接效应建模仿真，提高计算精度与计算效率；通过对采用复合材料的典型飞机进行仿真分析和部分实验，得出飞机外形及结构材料影响蒙皮表面电流传播路径和分布的规律；定量描述飞机遭雷击时其内外雷电电磁脉冲（LEMP）场的分布情况；给出飞机内电线和电缆终端的感应电流、感应电压大小及特性；提出检验雷电对飞机间接效应的实验验证方法；研制相应的测试系统。.经过本课题的研究，完成飞机雷电间接效应数值仿真模型的建立与数值仿真，并通过与实验结果的对比与验证，提出飞机的结构与材料对飞机雷电防护的影响，提出飞机结构雷电防护技术，为飞机防雷技术的发展提供参考。

本课题主要采用基于电磁拓扑理论、无网格法、时域有限差分与时域多分辨率分析等相结合的分析方法，进行飞机雷电间接效应建模仿真，提高计算精度与计算效率；通过对采用复合材料的典型飞机的雷电间接效应进行仿真分析和部分实验，得出飞机外形及结构材料影响蒙皮表面电流传播路径和分布的规律；定量描述飞机遭雷击时其内外雷电电磁脉冲（LEMP）场的分布情况；给出飞机内电线和电缆终端的感应电流、感应电压大小及特性；提出检验雷电对飞机间接效应的实验验证方法；研制了满足飞机舱室内小型化三维电磁场、表面电流、线缆耦合电压电流等的光纤测量系统。制作了直升机模型，对其进行了飞机雷电间接效应数值仿真模型的建立与数值仿真，并通过与实验结果的对比与验证，结果一致性较好。提出的飞机结构与材料对飞机雷电防护性能影响的分析方法，对飞机的雷电防护设计具有重要的指导意义；研制的飞机雷电间接效应测试设备，可用于飞机整机雷电间接效应验证试验，对飞机的雷电防护技术发展有重要意义。