北斗机载设备关键电路与器件雷电电磁脉冲效应协同仿真与实验研究

With the development of avionics technology, more and more application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) are used in airborne equipment. Novel circuits and devices are also widely used. However, they are greatly more sensitive to lightning environment, which poses a challenge to the study of aviation electromagnetic environmental effects and the localization of airborne equipment. In this research, the simulation method is adopted as the main method and the experimental method as the supplement. The lightning electromagnetic pulse (LEMP) interference and damage effect are studied for the key circuits and devices of the Beidou airborne equipment. The circuit and device co-simulation method which can consider the action of LEMP is proposed for the first time. The co-simulation model of the key circuit and device of Beidou satellite navigation equipment is constructed. The sensitivity law and failure mechanism of the new circuit and device in airborne equipment are studied. The circuit-devicelevel lightning protection design methods and the simulation-based equipment transient sensitivity level estimation technology will be obtained. The simulation analysis results are verified by the lightning indirect effect test and failure analysis of the Beidou airborne equipment. The research method is expected to be used in the research of aviation electromagnetic environment effects of other airborne equipment. The research results are expected to provide a theoretical basis for the selection, design and optimization of new circuits and devices in Beidou airborne equipment. The research results are expected to provide a theoretical basis for the selection, design and optimization of new circuits and devices in Beidou airborne equipment, and provide electromagnetic sensitivity assessment and circuit-device level lightning protection design for the localization of airborne equipment.

随着航空电子技术的发展，机载设备更多地使用专用集成电路，新型电路与器件也得到广泛应用，然而它们对雷电环境往往更加敏感，这给航空电磁环境效应研究和机载设备国产化带来了挑战。本课题拟以仿真方法为主、实验方法为辅，针对北斗机载设备关键电路与器件进行雷电电磁脉冲干扰与损伤效应研究。首次提出考虑LEMP效应的电路与器件协同仿真方法，构建北斗卫星导航设备关键电路与器件LEMP效应协同仿真模型，研究机载设备中新型电路与器件的敏感性规律及失效机理，得到电路与器件级雷电防护设计方法，获得基于仿真的设备瞬态敏感电平评估技术。通过北斗机载设备雷电间接效应试验和失效分析，对仿真分析结果进行验证。协同仿真的研究方法期望可以用于其它机载设备航空电磁环境效应研究中，研究成果期望可以为北斗机载设备中新型电路与器件的选型、设计和优化提供理论依据，为我国机载设备自主研制提供电磁敏感度评估和电路与器件级雷电防护设计方面的参考。

新型材料、器件与电路越来越多的应用在机载设备中，它们对雷电环境更加敏感，对强电磁脉冲下机载设备中材料、器件和电路的作用分析及失效机理亟需深入研究。本项目针对北斗机载设备关键电路与器件进行雷电电磁脉冲干扰与损伤效应研究。本项目完成了设备性能指标的研究，完成了定位系统的设计、研制与测试，开展了LEMP及其产生的电磁环境在北斗接收机天线、线缆和缝隙上的作用分析研究，得到了关键电路与器件端口信号样式及参数。提出考虑LEMP效应的电路与器件协同仿真方法，构建北斗卫星导航设备关键电路与器件LEMP效应协同仿真模型，基于协同仿真模型，开展了北斗/GPS双模定位系统的LEMP等效注入仿真与试验研究，获得了LEMP这种功率水平的大信号响应，观察到了LEMP作用下电路中核心器件的各种物理效应，分析获得效应机理。本项目完成了北斗机载设备雷电间接效应试验方法研究，完成了北斗接收机雷电间接效应试验，并观察得到了失效现象，分析研究了失效机理。最后结合协同仿真与试验研究结果，以及雷电间接效应试验现象和失效机理，辅以材料仿真分析，分别给出了材料、器件和电路级防护设计建议。电路-器件协同仿真方法拟用于其它机载设备航空电磁环境效应研究中，研究成果可以为北斗机载设备中新型电路与器件的选型、设计和优化提供理论依据，为我国机载设备自主研制提供电磁敏感度评估和材料、器件与电路级雷电防护设计方面的参考。