Ole e 1花粉蛋白基因TaPollen1调控光温敏雄性不育小麦BS366花粉败育机理的研究

The photo-thermo-sensitive genic male sterile (PTGMS) wheat line BS366 is the core materials of China's original two-line hybrid wheat system, and its pollen sterility controlled by low temperature and short light. The applicant's previous studies showed that Ole e 1 pollen protein gene TaPollen1 plays an important role in pollen development and stress response, and TaPollen1-RNAi transgenic wheat plants is pollen abortion. On the basis of previous studies, we will have utilized genetics, molecular biology research methods to study expression of TaPollen1 gene regulated male sterile networks induced by light and temperature and explore up-and-down stream genes and signaling pathways controlled by Ole e 1 pollen protein using BS366 and transgenic plants as materials. Research results will provides an important basis for revealing and perfecting male sterility mechanism of a class of ecological PTGMS wheat line BS366.

小麦光温敏雄性核不育系BS366是我国原创二系杂交小麦的核心材料，其花粉败育受短日低温的光温环境诱导。申请者的前期研究表明：Ole e 1花粉蛋白基因TaPollen1在花粉发育和逆境胁迫应答中起着重要作用，并在TaPollen1-RNAi的转基因小麦植株中，获得了雄花不育的表型。本项目在前期研究的基础上，拟将以BS366和转基因植株为试材，采用遗传学、分子生物学的研究手段，研究TaPollen1基因受光温因子诱导表达的调控网络，探究Ole e 1花粉蛋白调控光温敏雄性不育的上下游基因及其信号转导网络途径。研究结果将为揭示和完善小麦光温敏核不育系BS366一类生态型雄花不育机理提供重要的理论依据。

小麦光温敏雄性核不育系BS366是我国原创二系杂交小麦的核心材料，其花粉败育受短日低温的光温环境诱导。本研究首次克隆温敏雄性不育基因TaPOLLEN1，阐明由TaPOLLEN1控制小麦的温敏雄性不育的分子机制，达到国际先进水平，取得了标志性成果。以光温敏雄性不育系为实材，通过QTL定位结合转录组学，克隆到了候选的TaPOLLEN1基因。TaPOLLEN1在不育系中表达降低，或通过RNA干扰减少TaPOLLEN1表达，都导致小麦花粉败育，从而导致雄性不育，在温敏核不育系，组成型表达TaPOLLEN1恢复生育能力。我们的结果揭示表观遗传控制小麦温敏核不育机制，这一发现将大大促进杂种小麦的基因工程和精确分子育种，使我国杂交小麦分子机理研究达到世界领先水平。 研究结果将为揭示和完善小麦光温敏核不育系BS366一类生态型雄花不育机理提供重要的理论依据。