基于网络群控的多轴数控机床多误差动态实时补偿

This research is focused on synthetical mathematical model, efficient measurement, precise and robust modeling, network group control and real-time compensation of multi-errors for multi-axis CNC machine tools (up to five-axis). Consisting of geometric error, cutting force-induced error and thermal error,the synthetical mathematical model of multi-errors will be unified for all types of CNC machine tools. Through the proposed theories and methods ,i.e. the efficient laser measurement and identification of error elements based on vector-sequential-steps and combined-path-movement methods, three-dimensional placement for temperature sensors,combinations and modeling of geometric and thermal errors, and decoupling compensation for five-axis CNC, a cost-effective multi-error real-time dynamic compensation system can be developed. Along with the on-line auto-modeling software, the remote monitoring and correction of the error real-time compensation through network will be realized,so as to greatly improve the precision of machine tools,and establish a new system of error measurement,modeling and compensation theories and methods. The core technology with independent intellectual property rights will be promoted to domestic enterprises to improve their competitive strength in global markets,and the error compensation technology will achieve the internationally advanced level.

以多至五轴的数控机床为对象，通过研究机床多误差综合数学模型、高效测量、误差元素的精密和鲁棒建模、网络群控和实时补偿等，建立包括几何、热和切削力等诸多误差的综合数学模型及其各类型数控机床统一的误差综合数学模型，提出基于矢量多步法及组合轨迹运动的数控机床误差元素的高效激光测量和辨识、温度传感器在机床上三维优化布置、几何和热复合的误差元素建模和五轴联动补偿运动解耦等理论和方法，开发经济实用的多至五轴数控机床多误差动态实时补偿系统，编制误差在线自动建模软件，在五轴数控机床上实施多误差综合动态实时补偿，实现通过网络对诸多台机床进行远程实时补偿的监控和误差补偿模型的修正，从而大幅度提高机床加工精度，并创建数控机床误差测量、建模和补偿理论方法体系，形成具有自主知识产权的核心技术并向企业推广应用，提升国产数控机床的加工精度水平和国际市场竞争力，把数控机床误差补偿技术发展到国际领先水平。

以多至五轴的数控机床为对象，通过研究机床多误差综合数学模型、高效测量、误差元素的精密和鲁棒建模、网络群控和实时补偿等，建立了多轴多误差综合加工误差数学模型及各种类型数控机床统一的综合数学模型、提出了多轴机床多误差的高效测量和辨识技术及传感器在机床上的多维优化布置策略、给出了几何误差、热误差、力误差元素的新建模方法、提出了多轴联动补偿运动解耦和多轴全运动联动补偿方法、研制了多轴多误差的动态实时补偿控制系统、研制了多轴多误差网络群控实时补偿系统和基于网络节点补偿单元的分布式网络系统、设计了网络群控实时补偿系统的通信模式。在五轴数控机床上实施多误差综合动态实时补偿；并实现通过网络对诸多台机床进行远程实时补偿的监控和误差补偿模型的修正，完成了网络群控实时补偿，大幅度提高机床加工精度。通过研究工作，研究成果已推广应用于多家数控机床制造企业和应用企业。创建了数控机床误差测量、建模和补偿理论方法体系，提升国产数控机床的加工精度水平和国际市场竞争力。