基于微气候改善的西藏高原城市社会生活空间优化及设计研究

The social life space in Tibet cities is the place where Tibetans live their lives in unique style, and it is of much significance to the social culture. The spatial micro-climate is such a key factor that influences the human living environmental construction. Comparative to other climatic zones, the urban micro-climate problems of plateau meteorology is more complex and distinctive. However, due to lack of theoretical and practical research towards the micro-climate of plateau cities, the environmental problems of the social life space in such cities is getting increasingly prominent day by day, and exerts tremendous pressure on the urban development. For this reason, how to improve the micro-climate in this kind of space efficiently is a significant project which is with high research value and non ignoble, and it is also directly related to the urban sustainable development strategies. On purpose of improving micro-climate environment, the research team will made an exploratory study on the spatial design methods, on the basis of previous intensive study on the architectural climatic design and urban social life spatial form in Tibet. By integrating the empirical study and numerical simulation, the team is trying to find out the climatic characteristics in Tibet plateau, establish outdoor thermal comfort assessment system, and to reveal how the design factors and activities dynamically relate to micro-climate environment. Furthermore, design strategies for different environment problems will be put forward. And by means of rationally choosing and combining these design strategies, the spatial design method based on climatic analysis will be formed. Finally, the conclusions are expected to provide theoretical guidance to the micro-climate environment of urban social space in Tibet cities.

西藏城市的社会生活空间是承载西藏人独特生活方式的场所，具有重要的社会文化意义。同时，高海拔气候下的城市空间微气候问题更为复杂而独特，是影响城市人居环境建设的关键性因素。然而，由于严重缺乏针对高原城市微气候的理论和实践研究工作，西藏城市社会生活空间内的环境问题日渐凸显，并成为城市发展的巨大压力。因此，如何有效改善这些空间的微气候，是可持续发展战略亟具研究价值且不容忽视的课题。项目组将在前期对西藏建筑气候设计和城镇社会生活空间形态深入研究的基础上，从提升微气候舒适度的角度出发，对空间设计方法进行系统探讨。以实证调研和数值模拟相结合的方式，发掘西藏高原气候特征及规律，建立室外热舒适评价指标体系，挖掘微气候同设计要素和行为之间的动态关系。最后，提出不同环境问题下的设计策略并通过对策略的理性选择和组合，形成基于气候分析的空间优化及设计方法，最终为西藏城市社会生活空间的微气候改善设计提供理论指导。

西藏高原城市的社会生活空间是承载西藏人独特生活方式的场所，具有重要的社会文化意义。同时，高海拔气候下的城市空间微气候问题更为复杂而独特，是影响城市人居环境建设的关键性因素。然而，由于严重缺乏针对高原城市微气候的相关理论和实践研究工作，西藏高原城市社会生活空间内的热环境问题日渐凸显，并成为城市发展的巨大压力。如何有效改善这些空间的微气候，如何提升高原居民人居环境质量，实现人与环境的和谐共生，已成为可持续发展战略亟具研究价值且不容忽视的课题。因此，本项目提出了基于“空间-行为-环境”耦合理论的城市微气候综合性能优化设计原理及设计方法，从提升微气候舒适度的角度出发，对空间设计方法进行系统探讨。基于大量数据，修正了特殊高原气候条件下人的热舒适需求问题。并针对城市街谷空间、广场空间、小型围合空间以及居住组团等，挖掘了城镇空间形态对微气候性能的协同作用机制，建立了不同形态变量与微气候舒适度的耦合关系模型。最后，从形态控制、界面性质、景观配置等方面提出不同环境问题下的设计策略，并通过对策略的理性选择和组合，建构了以微气候综合性能提升为导向的城市与建筑设计技术方法，最终的研究成果可为西藏城市社会生活空间的微气候改善设计提供理论指导和技术支持。