运输振动损害哈密瓜组织细胞机制及其品质变化的研究

Transport vibration is one of important factors which cause the quality loss of Hami melon after long-distance transport. It is very necessary for us to investigate the principles of the effect of transport vibration on the quality changes in Hami melon (Cucumis melo L. var. Inodorus Jacq.) during storage because of the lack of related researches. We use changes in tissue cells of Hami melon during storage after transport as the entry point to reveal the mechanism of the damages of transport vibration to Hami melon tissue and the effects of transport vibration on such quality changes as softening and browning of Hami melon by means of a combination of transmission electron microscopy, magnetic resonance imaging and biochemical indexes. This research includes 4 aspects: 1) the measurement of transport vibration and the simulation of transport environments; 2) the damages of vibration strength and vibration time to tissue cells of Hami melon; 3) changes in quality attributes of Hami melon during storage after transport and the development of the predicting model of shelf life; 4) the verification of the effect of the damages of transport vibration to tissue cells on quality attributes of Hami melon by making use of preservatives. The study is to reveal the physiological responses of Hami melon in vivo under transport vibration treatment and to elucidate the processes and principles of its biocompatibility and storability. The study is not only contributed to developing the preserving techniques of Hami melon but also providing a new idea to solve other complex problems of the preservation of fruits and vegetables.

振动胁迫是造成长途运输后哈密瓜品质下降的至关重要的因素。因此研究振动胁迫影响哈密瓜品质改变的规律和原理是非常必要的，这是目前有关哈密瓜果实贮藏保鲜研究的盲点。本研究以哈密瓜果肉细胞的状态变化为切入点，利用透射电镜、磁共振成像和生化指标相结合的方式，揭示振动胁迫损害哈密瓜组织的机制，阐明振动胁迫造成哈密瓜软化、褐变等品质劣变的机理。本研究包括4个方面：1）车辆振动测试及运输振动环境的模拟；2）振动强度和振动时间对哈密瓜组织细胞状态损害的研究；3）振动胁迫影响哈密瓜品质变化的规律及货架期预测模型的构建；4）利用保鲜剂对振动胁迫损害哈密瓜组织细胞进而影响其品质变化的机制进行验证。本项目通过利用振动胁迫处理哈密瓜，研究哈密瓜在逆境条件下体内环境的变化规律，阐明其品质变化和生物适应性的产生机制，不但有利于推进哈密瓜保鲜技术的发展，还有利于为果蔬储运保鲜方面的其它复杂问题的揭示和解决提供新的思路。

哈密瓜是中国新疆的特色优质水果。哈密瓜香气浓郁，甜润多汁，以甜、脆、香的风味受到广大消费者青睐。然而，由于哈密瓜的主产地新疆地处中国西北边陲，与哈密瓜主消费区路途遥远，要经过长途运输运到主消费区。振动胁迫是造成长途运输后哈密瓜品质下降的至关重要的因素。因此研究振动胁迫影响哈密瓜品质改变的规律和原理是非常必要的，这是目前有关哈密瓜果实贮藏保鲜研究的盲点。笔者已经以哈密瓜果肉细胞的状态变化为切入点，利用透射电镜、磁共振成像和生化指标相结合的方式，揭示振动胁迫损害哈密瓜组织的机制，阐明振动胁迫造成哈密瓜软化、褐变等品质劣变的机理。本项目已经完成的研究内容包括，车辆振动测试及运输振动环境的模拟；振动对哈密瓜组织细胞状态损害的研究；振动胁迫影响哈密瓜品质变化的规律；利用保鲜剂对哈密瓜组织细胞进行保鲜，进而降低振动胁迫损害。本项目通过利用振动胁迫处理哈密瓜，研究哈密瓜在逆境条件下体内环境的变化规律，阐明其品质变化和生物适应性的产生机制，不但有利于推进哈密瓜保鲜技术的发展，还有利于为果蔬储运保鲜方面的其它复杂问题的揭示和解决提供新的思路。