基于含二氮杂萘酮结构类双酚的复合纳滤膜设计及其结构与性能关系研究

The permeaselectivity or chlorine resistance of composite nanofiltrtion membranes is insufficient, which limits the commercial applications of nanofiltration. Based on the design of molecular structure, poly(aryl ester)s containing phthalazinone moieties will be synthesized via interfacial polymerization with noncoplanar phthalazinone-containing bisphenol-like monomers. The relationship between the structure of N-containing heterocyclic monomers, interfacial polymerization composition, interfacial polymerization process and poly(aryl ester)s structure and performance will be evaluated. The mechanism of bisphenol-like monomers forming films via interfacial polymerization will be investigated. Poly(aryl ester)s containing phthalazinone moieties composite nanofiltration membranes will be prepared via interfacial polymerization method on the surface of poly(phthalazinone ether sulfone)s membranes with phthalazinone-containing bisphenol-like monomers and acyl chloride. The control mechanism of composite nanofiltration membranes microstructure will be studied. The relationship between structures of bisphenol-like monomers, morphology of membranes and properties of composite membranes will be investigated. The relationship between structure of poly(aryl ester)s containing phthalazinone moieties, morphology of composite membranes and separation properties and chlorine resistance of composite membranes will be understood, which has very important theoretical and practical application value on the design and preparation of novel composite nanofiltration membranes with high permeaselectivity and high chlorine resistance.

复合纳滤膜存在渗透选择性或耐氯性欠佳的不足，限制了纳滤技术的推广应用。本项目从分子结构设计出发，以具有扭曲非共平面结构的含二氮杂萘酮结构类双酚为单体，经界面聚合反应制备新型含二氮杂萘酮结构聚芳酯；研究含二氮杂萘酮结构类双酚结构、界面聚合工艺条件等与含二氮杂萘酮结构聚芳酯的结构和性能关系。研究含二氮杂萘酮结构类双酚界面聚合成膜机理，以杂萘联苯聚芳醚砜超滤膜为基膜，含二氮杂萘酮结构类双酚和多元酰氯为界面聚合单体，制备含二氮杂萘酮结构聚芳酯复合纳滤膜，弄清新型复合纳滤膜微观结构的调控机制；研究含二氮杂萘酮结构类双酚单体结构、多元酰氯结构以及膜的微观结构等对复合纳滤膜性能的影响规律；揭示含二氮杂萘酮结构聚芳酯结构、复合膜微观结构与复合纳滤膜分离性能及耐氯性能的关系，对新型高渗透选择性、高耐氯性复合纳滤膜的设计及制备具有重要的理论意义和实际应用价值。

复合纳滤膜存在渗透选择性或耐氯性欠佳的不足，限制了纳滤技术的推广应用。本项目从分子结构设计出发，合成了具有扭曲非共平面结构的2种含二氮杂萘酮结构类双酚化合物和1种含二氮杂萘酮结构双酚化合物；以含二氮杂萘酮结构双酚和类双酚化合物为水相单体，经界面聚合反应合成了一系列线型含二氮杂萘酮结构聚芳酯；考察了碱金属种类及用量、二氮杂萘酮单体的结构、有机相溶剂、反应温度等对界面聚合反应的影响。研究了碱、单体及界面聚合反应条件等对线性含二氮杂萘酮结构聚芳酯结构的影响规律。以间苯二甲酰氯为油相单体，与含二氮杂萘酮结构类双酚单体合成聚芳酯的特性粘度可以达到0.52dl/g，而与双酚单体合成聚芳酯的特性粘度可以达到1.13dl/g，说明含二氮杂萘酮结构类双酚单体活性略低。采用光学显微镜观察了含二氮杂萘酮结构类双酚单体的界面聚合过程，考察了有机相添加剂、相转移催化剂等对界面聚合反应的影响，研究了含二氮杂萘酮结构类双酚界面聚合成膜机理。研究了含二氮杂萘酮结构类双酚单体分别与双酚A、双酚芴和哌嗪作为混合单体的界面聚合反应，双酚芴和哌嗪的引入可以提高共聚芳酯的分子量。共聚芳酯表现出良好的耐热性，含二氮杂萘酮结构聚芳酯具有良好的耐热性和耐氯性。在杂萘联苯聚芳醚砜超滤膜为基膜上，分别以含二氮杂萘酮结构类双酚、含二氮杂萘酮结构双酚为界面聚合单体，制备了含二氮杂萘酮结构共聚芳酯复合纳滤膜和聚芳酯复合纳滤膜；研究了含二氮杂萘酮结构单体结构、多元酰氯结构、水相单体中哌嗪含量、界面聚合条件、基膜结构等对复合纳滤膜性能的影响；揭示了含二氮杂萘酮结构聚芳酯、基膜结构、复合膜制备工艺与复合纳滤膜分离性能的关系。在200ppm次氯酸钠溶液中浸泡400h，含二氮杂萘酮结构聚芳酯复合纳滤膜性能变化不大，表现出良好的渗透选择性和高耐氯性。