宽波段红外辐射的多孔径超构透镜成像方法研究

This project intends to study a new infrared imaging technology, which integrates the multi-aperture metalens array with the imaging focal plane on the micro-nanoscale. Based on the quantitative characterization of infrared radiation transfer theory, key scientific and technical issues such as broadband achromatic imaging and high-resolution image reconstruction within the new imaging framework. Firstly, a radiation transfer model based on multi-shape compound nano-structure is established, in order to achieve a broadband achromatic metalens. Secondly, the multi-aperture metalens array of large numerical aperture is investigated. The influence of different multi-aperture metalens structures on radiation transfer efficiency is analyzed. After that, a comprehensive digital model is constructed for infrared imaging with a multi-aperture metalens array. Reconstruction of high-resolution infrared images is then conducted on the base of the simulated multi-aperture unit images. The non-uniformity correction method is to be explored using the multi-aperture metalens array. Finally, both simulated and filed experiments are conducted to verify all the above theory, algorithm, and methods. The research results will provide theoretical support and technical accumulation for practical applications such as meta-infrared imaging system design and meta-optical light field data processing.

本项目拟研究将超构透镜以多孔径的方式，与成像焦平面在微纳尺度上一体化集成的新型红外成像技术。立足于红外辐射传输定量表征的思想，重点攻关多孔径超构透镜与红外焦平面阵列耦合成像中宽波段消色散、高分辨率图像重构等关键科学与技术问题：首先，通过分析纳米谐振单元对宽波段红外辐射传输的调制机理，建立基于多形状复合纳米结构的辐射传输模型，并依据所建理论模型研究红外宽波段消色散方法；其次，研究面向大数值孔径的多孔径超构透镜阵列成像方法，并分析不同多孔径超构透镜结构对辐射传输效率的影响；然后，搭建多孔径红外超构成像的全链路数字模型，生成多孔径单元图像并以此作为数据来源设计高分辨率图像重构算法，探索基于多孔径超构透镜阵列的非均匀性校正方法。最后，利用仿真与实测实验完成对上述理论、算法及方法的验证。研究成果将为红外超构成像系统设计、超构光场数据处理等实际应用提供理论支撑和技术积累。

科技的发展为信息处理和计算速度提出了越来越高的要求，这使得集成化、小型化的光学元件成为发展的趋势。基于传统材料和人工超构材料的光学元件存在尺度大，效率低等问题。近年来，超构表面光学的快速发展为解决这一问题提供了无与伦比的平台。由人工结构单元构成的超构表面能够灵活调控入射光的基本特性。和超构材料相比，超构表面能够克服超构材料三维体结构加工难度大，能量损耗高等问题，为光学元件的集成化和小型化提供便利。其中，超构透镜作为超构表面光学领域内重要的研究方向近年来得到了研究人员的广泛关注。本项目基于超构表面光学的相关理论，对宽带红外超构透镜进行了研究，着重解决宽带超构透镜普遍存在的色差问题，设计并数值模拟了中波红外宽带消色差超构透镜。最后，利用仿真与实测实验完成对上述理论、算法及方法的验证。研究成果将为红外超构成像系统设计、超构光场数据处理等实际应用提供理论支撑和技术积累。