大数据支持下鲁南县域公共服务设施优化配置技术体系研究

The purpose of the project research is to safeguard residents' basic survival and development in poverty-stricken areas ,balance the public service demands of residents in poverty area and supply ability of the government, and realize the public service facilities allocation efficiency and fair..The research scope is southern shandong county, which is poor region in the eastern coastal economic belt.The research object is the public service facilities.Firstly, According to the regional harmonious concept,the research quantitatived the radiation effects of public service facilities in center urban, with regional public service facilities accessibility, in order to adjust the level of public service facilities system in Southern shandong county.Second, On the basis of supply and demand balance,the research established the equilibrium relationship among operations minimum, maximum of public service facilities service radius and the density of use object population ,in order to adjust the constraint interval of the southern county public service facilities configuration index. Thirdly, through the micro partition according the population characteristics, the public service facilities space location planning is much closer to the actual use of population，and then , the public service facilities space layout in Southern shandong county was optimized.At last, an empirical research was studied.

为了保障贫困地区居民基本生存和发展，平衡贫困地区居民的公共服务诉求和政府的供给能力，最大程度地实现公共服务设施配置的效率与公平。项目以东部沿海经济带上的低谷鲁南地区为研究范围，以公共服务设施为研究对象，在区域协调理念下，用区域优质公共服务设施的可达性量化中心城镇公共服务设施的辐射作用，探索鲁南县域公共服务设施层级体系的适应性调整；以供需平衡为导向，建立运营规模下限、公共服务设施服务半径的上限与使用对象人口密度之间的平衡关系，调整鲁南县域公共服务设施配置指标的约束区间；在人口分布规律指引下，通过在微观尺度上进行人口特征分区，使公共服务设施空间布点规划更贴近实际的使用人口，来优化鲁南县域公共服务设施的空间布局，并选取典型县域进行实证研究。

研究项目以就地城镇化为背景，建立了县域公共服务设施优化配置技术体系。快速城镇化过程中人口的持续迁移与公共服务设施空间布局间存在特定的规律与耦合关系，基于空间聚类分析建立公共服务设施的供需平衡分析方法，可以有效识别公共服务设施空间失配的地理区位，进而为阶段性分批次的优化调整提供依据。公共服务设施的供给与需求与其所在空间区位的社会、经济和人口存在密不可分的关联性，利用空间过滤回归模型实证公共服务设施供需关系的驱动因素对于从根本上解决公共服务设施空间配置问题具有积极的理论价值。公共服务设施的空间配置是涉及到多个职能部门，多种资源类型的多目标决策过程。利用基于熵值法的TOPSIS模型建立公共服务设施空间配置评价方法，提出公共服务设施空间配置调整与优化的可行性规划策略。以菏泽市郓城县为例，县域公共服务设施优化配置技术体系得以全方面的验证。案例地区数据来源包括清洗后的POI数据，道路、河流、村落等矢量要素等各种开源数据，各职能部门的统计数据，和社会调查数据。