海洋红藻江蓠科的分类及其系统修订

The taxonomy and classification system of Family Gracilariaceae (Rhodophyta) will be studied. Based on field survey and new international academic changes, the samples will be identified on the patterns of species level by the morphological methods and investigated on the biogeographical distribution. Some specific gene sequences are chosen to construct profile of the phylogenetic relationships following their amplification and molecular analysis. It will be used to accurate identification and determinate hereditary position on some genera and species in dispute. As the result on the integration of above studies, the species from China coasts will be re-described and categorized following new analyzed and revised classification system and reliability of key discriminating features on the Family Gracilariaceae.. It will benefit to resolve its some current international disputation, clarify clearly accurate discrimination and revolution relationship of some important species, and maintain the taxonomical research level of China’s Family Gracilariaceae settling on international forefront. The proposal will also be beneficial to clarify evolution patterns of economic cultivated species and provide important data for increasing their yield and quality.

本项目拟对海洋红藻门江蓠科的分类及其系统开展研究。在野外调查的基础上结合国际最新研究动态，通过形态分类学研究，研究我国该科物种的分类及生物地理分布特征。选用基因序列，通过序列扩增、序列分析，探索分类群的系统演化关系，对疑难属、种进行准确鉴定及系统位置确定。结合形态与分子等两方面的研究结果，分析和修订该科物种的新分类系统和主要鉴定特征的可靠性，在此基础上重新描述、划分、修订我国江蓠科物种。. 该项研究有助于解决江蓠科的某些国际争议，厘清重要物种的明确划分依据及其亲缘关系，继续保持我国江蓠科分类学研究的国际前沿地位。项目也有助于澄清栽培种类的演化关系，为提高江蓠栽培的产量和质量等提供重要指导性参考数据。

项目开展了我国江蓠科的分类及其系统发育学研究。通过野外调查、形态分类学研究和分子系统发育学分析相结合的方法手段，主要取得如下结果：1）调查了我国三大海区4大海藻区系的20余个海区，收集了江蓠科海藻50余份；2）开展了江蓠科海藻的形态分类学研究，共鉴定物种16个及1变种，完成了每个物种的形态特征描述、特征解剖图解、地理分布等信息组织与撰写；3）在优化PCR扩增条件的基础上，共获得我国江蓠科15种及1变种的分子序列，包括30个样品的4种分子标记共计81条序列；4）构建了我国江蓠科的分子系统树，证实了广义江蓠属的多系分化，即可划分为多个属的分子特征，发现我国的细基江蓠和细基江蓠繁枝变种为长喙江蓠的同物异名、和脆江蓠与Gracilaria parvispora可能为同物异名的分子证据；5）基于形态特征和分子系统学方法的辅助，结合国际该科研究的新进展，重新排列了我国江蓠科的分类系统和物种多样性，包括5属45种1变种及2变型。.该研究结果解决我国江蓠科的某些争议，厘清了重要物种的明确划分依据及其亲缘关系，保持了我国江蓠科分类学研究的国际地位。可为从事与江蓠相关的科研、教学及应用开发部门提供分类鉴定和物种准确性参考，也有助于澄清栽培种类的演化关系，为提高江蓠栽培的产量和质量等提供重要指导性参考数据。