抗生素检测用纳米纤维基比色传感体系的构建及其质能传递特性研究

Designing and developing a portable and visual colorimetric detection for antibiotics residues is currently a key issue that urgently needs to be addressed in the fields of food safety and personal health. However, conventional colorimetric materials for antibiotic detection often have the disadvantages of being low in sensitivity and lacking selectivity. The applicant intends to combine polyamide 6 / alginate core - shell nanofibrous membrane with specific nanogold probe to construct a colorimetric sensor system with high sensitivity and excellent selectivity. Herein, this proposal mainly studies the structure generation and evolution of core - shell nanofibers, reveals the influence of liquid properties and processing parameters on the fiber morphology of core - shells, explores the microscopic mechanism of interface weak bonding between fiber membranes and nanogold probe, clarifies the construction criterion for the stable self- assembled nanofibers - nano-gold probe sensing system, studies in depth the nano-coupling mechanism of various physical processes and chemical reactions during the micro / nano mass - energy transfer of antibiotics, reveals the relationship between microscopic nanofibers structure and surface physicochemical properties and antibiotic selective trapping mechanisms, and achieves the national maximum residue limits standard in the lowest detection limit for kanamycin, streptomycin, oxytetracycline, tetracycline in order to meet the urgent needs in the fields of food safety and the personal.

开发便携、可视化的抗生素残留比色检测方法是当前食品安全及医疗卫生领域迫切需要解决的关键问题，然而现有的抗生素比色检测材料普遍存在灵敏度低、选择性差的不足。本项目拟将聚酰胺6/海藻酸核-壳纳米纤维与特异性纳米金探针相结合，自组装构建高灵敏度和高选择性的抗生素检测用比色传感体系。本项目主要研究核-壳纳米纤维形态生成及演变过程，揭示原液特性及加工参数对核-壳纤维介观形貌的影响规律；探索纤维膜与纳米金探针界面间弱键合作用的微观机理，阐明纳米纤维-纳米金探针稳定自组装传感体系的构建准则；研究抗生素微纳质能传递中多种物理过程和化学反应的纳米耦合机制，揭示纳米纤维材料微观结构和表面理化特性对抗生素的选择性俘获规律；实现纳米纤维传感体系对卡那霉素、链霉素、土霉素、四环素的最低检测极限达到国家最大残留量限度的目标，以满足食品安全及医疗卫生领域的迫切需求。

开发便携、可视化的抗生素残留比色检测方法是当前食品安全及医疗卫生领域迫切需要解决的关键问题，然而现有的抗生素比色检测材料普遍存在灵敏度低、选择性差的不足。本项目通过将不同纳米纤维模板材料与金属离子、纳米金适配体探针相结合，自组装构建了一系列高灵敏度和高选择性的抗生素检测用比色传感体系。通过研究复合纳米纤维形态生成及演变过程，揭示原液特性及加工参数对纤维介观形貌的影响规律；探索了纤维膜与纳米金等比色探针界面间弱键合作用的微观机理，阐明了纳米纤维-纳米金探针稳定自组装传感体系的构建准则；研究了抗生素微纳质能传递中多种物理过程和化学反应的纳米耦合机制，揭示了纳米纤维材料微观结构和表面理化特性对抗生素的选择性俘获规律，最终制备了一系列比色试纸条用于抗生素裸眼检测。主要研究进展如下：（1）可控制备出尼龙6/海藻酸核-壳纳米纤维为金属离子吸附提供位点，基于金属离子与四环素、土霉素螯合显色原理完实现了试纸对四环素及土霉素的选择性俘获，裸眼检出限分别可达5μg/kg和2.3µg/Kg;（2）构筑出可固载卡那霉素适配体反向互补链的纳米纤维基固相载体，经由目标物质引发的探针脱固载实现1.2µg/kg的裸眼检出限；（3）设计制备了以纳米纤维为载体、纳米金适配体探针为显色元件的卡那霉素测流层析试剂盒，实现了乳制品中卡那霉素的现场快速检测。本项目所研制的一系列抗生素试纸均具有操作方便、性价比高、易于携带的特性，因而有望在未来推广成为食品中抗生素残留现场检测方法。