基于深厚表土中立井井壁水平侧压力试验的导电复合薄膜测试机理及技术研究

The shaft lining in thick topsoil is in complex loading conditions. The size and distribution of horizontal lateral pressure are key scientific issues which control the wall thickness and decide the whole mine safety during construction and operation of shaft. But the pressure distribution and evolution test is difficult using traditional soil observation technology in the present experimental study which lead to pressure distribution function along the outer wall and other basic problem remains unclear. The conductive composites testing mechanism would be studied and technology and the test of horizontal lateral pressure on shaft lining in thick topsoil is the foothold of the study. The resistance creep and temperature-pressure-resistance coupling mechanism and the appropriate theoretical models are the focus and carrying out a variety of environmental loads calibration test and inspection. The distribution of pressure horizontally is revealed and the reliability of testing techniques is verified through the deep soil pressure simulation test. The results can provide more scientific and rational guidance for deep topsoil shaft construction such as the wall thickness design and other problems related to the safety of wells construction and coal mine production. Also, the developed thin-film testing technology provides a new means for interface contact stress test in the geotechnical engineering. Therefore, the project has creative significance, theoretical research value and engineering application prospects..

深厚表土中立井井壁处于复杂荷载条件，其水平侧压力大小及分布规律是控制井壁厚度、决定掘砌过程与生产期间井筒乃至整个矿井安全的关键科学问题。但在目前试验研究中，井壁水平侧压力分布及演化过程利用传统土压力测试方法很难观测，致使作用在立井井壁上的水平地压分布函数等基本问题尚不清楚。本课题拟以深厚表土中立井井壁水平侧压力试验为出发点及具体的落脚点，研发导电复合薄膜新型测试技术；重点对导电复合薄膜的电阻蠕变机理、温度-压力-电阻耦合机理等进行深入的理论分析并建立相应的理论模型，对传感薄膜元件进行多种荷载环境标定试验及检验；通过深部地压模拟试验揭示井壁水平地压分布规律并验证测试技术的可靠性。研究成果可为深厚表土中立井建设诸如井壁厚度的设计等提供更加科学合理的指导；研发的导电复合薄膜测试技术可为岩土工程中界面接触应力的量测提供新的手段。本项目具有方法创新意义、理论研究价值及工程应用前景。

在岩土力学与工程等领域，新型压力测试技术亟待研发，特别是压力分布测试技术。本课题以立井井壁水平侧压力大小与分布测试为研究目标，利用纳米级导电聚合物复合材料与印刷技术，结合采集硬件与软件技术开发，成功研发了薄膜式压力传感器以及二维面式压力分布测试系统。研究内容具体包括导电复合材料的研制、复合材料微观结构与导电模型、复合材料力敏与热敏机理与理论模型、薄膜式传感测试元件的研制与相关基础试验、相关模型试验实测检验、阵列式传感元件研发、二维面式压力分布测试系统的研制与试验等。通过研究，研发的薄膜式压力传感器厚度仅有0.2mm左右，测试系统压力测试点达2688个，测试频率为5HZ。