碲锌镉单晶体的生长与应用基础研究

CdZnTe (CZT) crystal is a kind of new room-temperature semiconductor detector material with excellent properties. It can be widely used in industry, medicine, environment protection, military and science. The research of CZT crystals started out by a few advanced countries such as American, Germany, Russia in 1980's. But because growth of the ternary compound crystal is very difficulty, the devices and application of CZT are set back. By the fund's support, we have found a new method of growing perfect structure and high resistivity CZT single crystals, i.e. growing CZT single crystal with different Zn component in same a quartz ampoule by melt's temperature oscillation and ampoule with rotating and descending. We designed and prepared two-temperature zone furnace and device for CZT polycrystalline synthesis and single growth, making special-shaped quartz ampoule suitable for CZT single crystal growth. We suggest new thoughts to control the Cd vacancy concentration. We have grown high resistivity CZT single crystal with size of Φ18×45 mm, the crystal structure, defects and quality were characterized. The crystal's growth habitude, growth theory and thermal-treatment technique were researched, CZT detector preparation technique was explored primary. We prepared Ohm contact electrodes in the wafer surface, obtained 241Am 59.5kev absorption spectrum in room temrature, no polarization phenomenon found. All results show that the single crystals we grew have high quality and are suitable for preparation room-temperature nuclear radiation detectors. We have publicized eight articles in important academic journals, two of which are included in《SCI》and other two are included in《EI》.

碲锌镉晶体是一种新型的性能优异的室温半导体探测器材料。用它可制成各种室温探测器和便携式谱仪，用途极广泛。但其熔体和晶体导热性很差，Cd与Te、Zn的蒸气压相差很大，难于生长高质量单晶体，妨碍了它的实际应用。研究其热学特性、生长习性、结构和缺陷，探索新工艺，获得均匀完整的单晶体，为促进我国发展这种晶体和在探测器上的应用奠定基础。