我国废弃电器电子产品回收体系反馈机制研究

At the end of 2011, China ended its subsidy policy of ‘old-exchange-new’ which theoretically means providing a one-time subsidy to the consumers when they buy a new product and return an old one, and the processing enterprises processing qualification were beginning to face the problems of insufficient supply of cores around 2012. Although China established the “Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipments (WEEE) Collection and Use of Management Treatment Fund” on July 1, 2012，which has been used to subsidy the processing enterprises since then, and subsidy amount raised as much as 3300 million RMB in 2013, the recycling systems in China still are faced with the problems of 80% of cores go to the peddlers, serious pollution coming from illegal dismantling, and insufficient supply of cores facing the processing enterprises.... The pollutions of WEEE are often generated from a series of transmission, stacking and accumulation of treatment fund in the industry chain of WEEE. Based on the research methods of system dynamics and bi-level program, this project researches the externality of each link and their interaction in the industry chain, the design of the total external policy in the industrial chain internalization，the operation mechanism of the treatment fund system including levying, duty reduction and subsidy. The aim of the research is to establish the feedback loop of the industry chain, and to effectively control the waste and pollution in the first stage of product life cycle, product design stage, through implementation of environmental governance during the whole product life cycle.. ... The results of the research can provide a scientific basis for decision-making for related government departments including the ministry of commerce people’s republic of china, the ministry of finance people’s republic of china and the Ministry of environmental protection.

2011年12月我国家电以旧换新政策结束，2012年起废弃电器电子产品正规处理企业出现“吃不饱”。2012年7月实施《废弃电器电子产品处理基金征收使用管理办法》以来，以2013年为例，处理企业共获得处理补贴33亿元，但80%左右的货源由个体商户提供，个体商户显然游离于基金化管理体系之外，非法拆解污染严重，正规处理企业再次出现“吃不饱”或“无米下锅”。.电器电子产品污染问题的产生，往往是其产业链上一系列企业“外部性”传导、叠加、积累的结果。本项目采用系统动力学、二层规划等方法研究：电器电子产品产业链上各环节外部性及其相互作用对总外部性的影响机制，总的外部性在产业链上内部化的政策设计，处理基金的征收机制、减征机制和处理补贴机制。旨在建立从下游到上游的反馈环，通过在产品生命周期的下游实施环境治理，达到在上游源头（产品设计阶段）就有效控制废弃物的目标。成果可为商务部、财政部、环保部等提供科学支撑。

2011年12月我国家电以旧换新政策结束，2012年起废弃电器电子产品正规处理企业出现“吃不饱”。2012年7月实施《废弃电器电子产品处理基金征收使用管理办法》以来，以2013年为例，处理企业共获得处理补贴33亿元，但80%左右的货源由个体商户提供，个体商户显然游离于基金化管理体系之外，非法拆解污染严重，正规处理企业再次出现“吃不饱”或“无米下锅”。.电器电子产品污染问题的产生，往往是其产业链上一系列企业“外部性”传导、叠加、积累的结果。本项目采用系统动力学等方法研究：电器电子产品产业链上各环节外部性及其相互作用对总外部性的影响机制，总的外部性在产业链上内部化的政策设计，处理基金的征收机制、减征机制和处理补贴机制。旨在建立从下游到上游的反馈环，通过在产品生命周期的下游实施环境治理，达到在上游源头（产品设计阶段）就有效控制废弃物的目标。本项目给出了共同悲剧基模、饮鸩止渴基模的定量模型。.成果可为商务部、财政部、环保部等提供科学支撑。